气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): A Global Perspective on Microplastics

CCPortal

DOI	10.1029/2018JC014719
	A Global Perspective on Microplastics
	Hale R.C.; Seeley M.E.; La Guardia M.J.; Mai L.; Zeng E.Y.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	21699275
卷号	125 期号:1
英文摘要	Society has become increasingly reliant on plastics since commercial production began in about 1950. Their versatility, stability, light weight, and low production costs have fueled global demand. Most plastics are initially used and discarded on land. Nonetheless, the amount of microplastics in some oceanic compartments is predicted to double by 2030. To solve this global problem, we must understand plastic composition, physical forms, uses, transport, and fragmentation into microplastics (and nanoplastics). Plastic debris/microplastics arise from land disposal, wastewater treatment, tire wear, paint failure, textile washing, and at-sea losses. Riverine and atmospheric transport, storm water, and disasters facilitate releases. In surface waters plastics/microplastics weather, biofoul, aggregate, and sink, are ingested by organisms and redistributed by currents. Ocean sediments are likely the ultimate destination. Plastics release additives, concentrate environmental contaminants, and serve as substrates for biofilms, including exotic and pathogenic species. Microplastic abundance increases as fragment size decreases, as does the proportion of organisms capable of ingesting them. Particles <20 μm may penetrate cell membranes, exacerbating risks. Exposure can compromise feeding, metabolic processes, reproduction, and behavior. But more investigation is required to draw definitive conclusions. Human ingestion of contaminated seafood and water is a concern. Microplastics indoors present yet uncharacterized risks, magnified by the time we spend inside (>90%) and the abundance of polymeric products therein. Scientific challenges include improving microplastic sampling and characterization approaches, understanding long-term behavior, additive bioavailability, and organismal and ecosystem health risks. Solutions include improving globally based pollution prevention, developing degradable polymers and additives, and reducing consumption/expanding plastic reuse. ©2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	fate; indoor; microplastics; oceans; pollution; terrestrial
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/187034
作者单位	Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA, United States; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hale R.C.,Seeley M.E.,La Guardia M.J.,et al. A Global Perspective on Microplastics[J],2020,125(1).
APA	Hale R.C.,Seeley M.E.,La Guardia M.J.,Mai L.,&Zeng E.Y..(2020).A Global Perspective on Microplastics.Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans,125(1).
MLA	Hale R.C.,et al."A Global Perspective on Microplastics".Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 125.1(2020).