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DOI	10.1029/2019JD030737
	Concentrations and Size Distributions of Black Carbon in the Surface Snow of Eastern Antarctica in 2011
	Kinase T.; Adachi K.; Oshima N.; Goto-Azuma K.; Ogawa-Tsukagawa Y.; Kondo Y.; Moteki N.; Ohata S.; Mori T.; Hayashi M.; Hara K.; Kawashima H.; Kita K.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	2169897X
卷号	125 期号:1
英文摘要	Knowledge of black carbon (BC) concentrations and size distributions within surface snow in Antarctica is limited. However, these measurements are important to understanding global aerosol transport from combustion sources, and BC contributes to positive radiative forcing. This study analyzed the concentrations and size distributions of BC and inorganic ions in snow samples collected at the Syowa station in Antarctica from April to December 2011 and along a traverse route to an inland (Mizuho) station. The BC size distributions in snow were bimodal with mass median diameters of ~140 and ~690 nm. We also estimated the mass median diameter from unimodal distributions and found smaller diameters than were reported by other studies. The mass concentrations of BC in snow were higher in inland samples than in Syowa samples. Among Syowa samples, the BC concentrations in December (2117.3 ng L−1 on average) were higher than in other periods (288.2 ng L−1 on average). The December samples experienced ambient temperatures above 0 °C, and the atmospheric BC concentrations did not increase simultaneously. Inorganic ions originated from the ocean and decreased with increasing distance from the coastal area. We conclude that the BC concentrations in surface snow increased mainly by postdeposition processes through the loss of water mass due to melting, evaporation, and sublimation. Our study is the first to report detailed BC concentrations and size distributions in eastern Antarctica, and the results will help to evaluate BC global transport, the snow albedo estimations in this region, and the climate impacts of BC. © 2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	Antarctica; BC accumulation in snow; Black carbon in snow; postdeposition; size distribution; stratosphere-troposphere exchange
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/186236
作者单位	Atmospheric Environment and Applied Meteorology Research Department, Meteorological Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ibaraki University, Mito, Japan; National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Japan; SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, Japan; Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science Division I, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Earth System Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan; Department of Management Science and Engineering, Faculty of Systems Science and Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Yurihonjo, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kinase T.,Adachi K.,Oshima N.,et al. Concentrations and Size Distributions of Black Carbon in the Surface Snow of Eastern Antarctica in 2011[J],2020,125(1).
APA	Kinase T..,Adachi K..,Oshima N..,Goto-Azuma K..,Ogawa-Tsukagawa Y..,...&Kita K..(2020).Concentrations and Size Distributions of Black Carbon in the Surface Snow of Eastern Antarctica in 2011.Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,125(1).
MLA	Kinase T.,et al."Concentrations and Size Distributions of Black Carbon in the Surface Snow of Eastern Antarctica in 2011".Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 125.1(2020).