气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Ice Nucleation by Marine Aerosols Over the North Atlantic Ocean in Late Spring

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DOI	10.1029/2019JD030913
	Ice Nucleation by Marine Aerosols Over the North Atlantic Ocean in Late Spring
	Wilbourn E.K.; Thornton D.C.O.; Ott C.; Graff J.; Quinn P.K.; Bates T.S.; Betha R.; Russell L.M.; Behrenfeld M.J.; Brooks S.D.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	2169897X
卷号	125 期号:4
英文摘要	Here we report the ice nucleating temperatures of marine aerosols sampled in the subarctic Atlantic Ocean during a phytoplankton bloom. Ice nucleation measurements were conducted on primary aerosol samples and phytoplankton isolated from seawater samples. Primary marine aerosol samples produced by a specialized aerosol generator (the Sea Sweep) catalyzed droplet freezing at temperatures between −33.4 °C and − 24.5 °C, with a mean freezing temperature of −28.5 °C, which was significantly warmer than the homogeneous freezing temperature of pure water in the atmosphere (−36 °C). Following a storm-induced deep mixing event, ice nucleation activity was enhanced by two metrics: (1) the fraction of aerosols acting as ice nucleating particles (INPs) and (2) the nucleating temperatures, which were the warmest observed throughout the project. Seawater samples were collected from the ocean's surface and phytoplankton groups, including Synechococcus, picoeukaryotes, and nanoeukaryotes, were isolated into sodium chloride sheath fluid solution using a cell-sorting flow cytometer. Marine aerosol containing Synechococcus, picoeukaryotes, and nanoeukaryotes serves as INP at temperatures significantly warmer than the homogeneous freezing temperature of pure water in the atmosphere. Samples containing whole organisms in 30 g L−1 NaCl had freezing temperatures between −33.8 and − 31.1 °C. Dilution of samples to representative atmospheric aerosol salt concentrations (as low as 3.75 g L−1 NaCl) raised freezing temperatures to as high as −22.1 °C. It follows that marine aerosols containing phytoplankton may have widespread influence on marine ice nucleation events by facilitating ice nucleation. ©2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	aerosol-cloud interactions; ice nucleation; INP; marine aerosol; phytoplankton; Synechococcus
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/186162
作者单位	Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Department of Atmospheric Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States; Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States; NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, Seattle, WA, United States; Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Oceans, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States; Now at Department of Civil, Environmental, and Construction Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wilbourn E.K.,Thornton D.C.O.,Ott C.,et al. Ice Nucleation by Marine Aerosols Over the North Atlantic Ocean in Late Spring[J],2020,125(4).
APA	Wilbourn E.K..,Thornton D.C.O..,Ott C..,Graff J..,Quinn P.K..,...&Brooks S.D..(2020).Ice Nucleation by Marine Aerosols Over the North Atlantic Ocean in Late Spring.Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,125(4).
MLA	Wilbourn E.K.,et al."Ice Nucleation by Marine Aerosols Over the North Atlantic Ocean in Late Spring".Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 125.4(2020).