气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Observing U.S. Regional Variability in Lightning NO2 Production Rates

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DOI	10.1029/2019JD031362
	Observing U.S. Regional Variability in Lightning NO2 Production Rates
	Lapierre J.L.; Laughner J.L.; Geddes J.A.; Koshak W.J.; Cohen R.C.; Pusede S.E.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	2169897X
卷号	125 期号:5
英文摘要	Lightning is a large and variable source of nitrogen oxides (NOx ≡ NO + NO2) to the upper troposphere. Precise estimates of lightning NOx (LNOx) production rates are needed to constrain tropospheric oxidation chemistry; however, controls over LNOx variability are poorly understood. Here, we describe an observational analysis of variability in LNO2 with lightning type by exploiting U.S. regional differences in lightning characteristics in the Southeast, South Central, and North Central United States. We use satellite NO2 measurements from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument with Berkeley High Resolution vertical column densities, a combined lightning data set derived from the Earth Networks Total Lightning Network and National Lightning Detection NetworkTM measurements, and hourly winds from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts climate reanalysis data set (ERA5) over May–August 2014–2015. We find evidence that cloud-to-ground (CG) strokes produce a factor of 9–11 more NO2 than intracloud (IC) strokes for storms with stroke rates of at least 2,800 strokes·cell−1·hr−1. We show that regional differences in LNO2 production rates are generally consistent with regional patterns CG and IC stroke frequency and stroke current density. A comparison of stroke-based and flash-based CG/IC LNO2 estimates suggests that CG LNO2 is potentially underestimated when derived with flash data due to the operational definition of CG lightning. We find that differences in peak current explain a large portion of CG/IC LNO2 variability, but that other factors must also be important, including minimum stroke rate. Because IC and CG strokes produce NOx in distinct areas of the atmosphere, we test the sensitivity of our results against the atmospheric NO2 vertical distribution assumed in the a priori profiles; we show that the relative CG to IC LNO2 was generally insensitive to the assumed NO2 vertical distribution. ©2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	atmospheric electricity; chemistry; lightning; nitrogen oxide
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/186138
作者单位	Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States; Earth Networks, Germantown, MD, United States; Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States; Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States; Earth Science Branch, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lapierre J.L.,Laughner J.L.,Geddes J.A.,et al. Observing U.S. Regional Variability in Lightning NO2 Production Rates[J],2020,125(5).
APA	Lapierre J.L.,Laughner J.L.,Geddes J.A.,Koshak W.J.,Cohen R.C.,&Pusede S.E..(2020).Observing U.S. Regional Variability in Lightning NO2 Production Rates.Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,125(5).
MLA	Lapierre J.L.,et al."Observing U.S. Regional Variability in Lightning NO2 Production Rates".Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 125.5(2020).