气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Dust Deposited on Snow Cover in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, 2011–2016: Compositional Variability Bearing on Snow-Melt Effects

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DOI	10.1029/2019JD032210
	Dust Deposited on Snow Cover in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, 2011–2016: Compositional Variability Bearing on Snow-Melt Effects
	Reynolds R.L.; Goldstein H.L.; Moskowitz B.M.; Kokaly R.F.; Munson S.M.; Solheid P.; Breit G.N.; Lawrence C.R.; Derry J.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	2169897X
卷号	125 期号:7
英文摘要	Light-absorbing particles in atmospheric dust deposited on snow cover (dust-on-snow, DOS) diminish albedo and accelerate the timing and rate of snow melt. Identification of these particles and their effects is relevant to snow-radiation modeling and water-resource management. Laboratory-measured reflectance of DOS samples from the San Juan Mountains (USA) were compared with DOS mass loading, particle sizes, iron mineralogy, carbonaceous matter type and content, and chemical compositions. Samples were collected each spring for water years 2011–2016, when individual dust layers had merged into one (all layers merged) at the snow surface. Average reflectance values of the six samples were 0.2153 (sd, 0.0331) across the visible wavelength region (0.4–0.7 μm) and 0.3570 (sd, 0.0498) over the full-measurement range (0.4–2.50 μm). Reflectance values correlated inversely to concentrations of ferric oxide, organic carbon (1.4–10 wt.%), magnetite (0.05–0.13 wt.%), and silt (PM63-3.9; median grain sizes averaged 21.4 μm) but lacked correspondence to total iron and PM10 contents. Measurements of reflectance and Mössbauer spectra and magnetic properties indicated that microcrystalline hematite and nano-size goethite were primarily responsible for diminished visible reflectance. Positive correlations between organic carbon and metals attributed to fossil-fuel combustion, with observations from electron microscopy, indicated that some carbonaceous matter occurred as black carbon. Magnetite was a surrogate for related light-absorbing minerals, dark rock particles, and contaminants. Similar analyses of DOS from other areas would help evaluate the influences of varied dust sources, wind-storm patterns, and anthropogenic inputs on snow melt and water resources in and beyond the Colorado River Basin. © 2020. The Authors.
英文关键词	black carbon; dust-on-snow; iron oxide minerals; light-absorbing particles; magnetic properties; reflectance spectroscopy
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/186058
作者单位	U.S. Geological Survey, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, Denver, CO, United States; Institute for Rock Magnetism, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; U.S. Geological Survey, Geology, Geophysics, Geochemistry Science Center, Denver, CO, United States; U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center, Flagstaff, AZ, United States; Center for Snow and Avalanche Studies, Silverton, CO, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Reynolds R.L.,Goldstein H.L.,Moskowitz B.M.,等. Dust Deposited on Snow Cover in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, 2011–2016: Compositional Variability Bearing on Snow-Melt Effects[J],2020,125(7).
APA	Reynolds R.L..,Goldstein H.L..,Moskowitz B.M..,Kokaly R.F..,Munson S.M..,...&Derry J..(2020).Dust Deposited on Snow Cover in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, 2011–2016: Compositional Variability Bearing on Snow-Melt Effects.Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,125(7).
MLA	Reynolds R.L.,et al."Dust Deposited on Snow Cover in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, 2011–2016: Compositional Variability Bearing on Snow-Melt Effects".Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 125.7(2020).