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DOI	10.1029/2020JD033194
	Photonuclear Reactions in Lightning: 2. Comparison Between Observation and Simulation Model
	Wada Y.; Enoto T.; Nakazawa K.; Yuasa T.; Furuta Y.; Odaka H.; Makishima K.; Tsuchiya H.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	2169897X
卷号	125 期号:20
英文摘要	During a winter thunderstorm on 6 February 2017 in Japan, photonuclear reactions such as 14N(γ, n)13N were triggered by a downward terrestrial gamma-ray flash (TGF), as reported by Enoto et al. (2017, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature24630). In the present paper, we compare the observation with a simulation model of downward TGFs and subsequent photonuclear reactions constructed by the first paper of the series and Wada, Enoto, Nakazawa, et al. (2019, https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.123.061103). The observation and model consist of three components: annihilation gamma rays from positrons produced by β+-decay nuclei, deexcitation gamma rays originating from neutron captures, and radiation doses by TGF photons. Each component of the observation is reproduced by the simulation model, and we constrain a relation between the number of avalanche electrons and their production altitude of the downward TGF. The constraints by three components match within an order of magnitude. The downward TGF is estimated to comprise (0.5–2.5) × 1019 avalanche electrons above 1 MeV produced at an altitude of 1.4–2.7 km. Despite differences in altitude, direction, and season, downward TGFs in winter thunderstorms are thought to have the same mechanism of electron acceleration and multiplication in lightning as TGFs observed by in-orbit satellites. ©2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	high-energy atmospheric physics; lightning; photonuclear reaction; terrestrial gamma-ray flash; thunderstorm
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/185691
作者单位	Extreme Natural Phenomena RIKEN Hakubi Research Team, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Saitama, Japan; Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan; Private Company, Singapore; Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Fukushima, Japan; Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Research Center for Early Universe, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan; Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Ibaraki, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wada Y.,Enoto T.,Nakazawa K.,et al. Photonuclear Reactions in Lightning: 2. Comparison Between Observation and Simulation Model[J],2020,125(20).
APA	Wada Y..,Enoto T..,Nakazawa K..,Yuasa T..,Furuta Y..,...&Tsuchiya H..(2020).Photonuclear Reactions in Lightning: 2. Comparison Between Observation and Simulation Model.Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,125(20).
MLA	Wada Y.,et al."Photonuclear Reactions in Lightning: 2. Comparison Between Observation and Simulation Model".Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 125.20(2020).