气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The Mechanism of the Origin and Development of Lightning From Initiating Event to Initial Breakdown Pulses (v.2)

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DOI	10.1029/2020JD033191
	The Mechanism of the Origin and Development of Lightning From Initiating Event to Initial Breakdown Pulses (v.2)
	Kostinskiy A.Y.; Marshall T.C.; Stolzenburg M.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	2169897X
卷号	125 期号:22
英文摘要	Based on experimental results of recent years, this article presents a qualitative description of a possible mechanism (termed the Mechanism) covering the main stages of lightning initiation, starting before and including the initiating event, followed by the initial electric field change (IEC), followed by the first few initial breakdown pulses (IBPs). The Mechanism assumes initiation occurs in a region of ~1 km3 with average electric field E > 0.3 MV/(m·atm), which contains, because of turbulence, numerous small “Eth volumes” of ~10−4–10−3 m3 with E ≥ 3 MV/(m·atm). The Mechanism allows for lightning initiation by either of two observed types of events: a high-power, very high frequency (VHF) event such as a Narrow Bipolar Event or a weak VHF event. According to the Mechanism, both types of initiating events are caused by a group of relativistic runaway electron avalanche particles (where the initial electrons are secondary particles of an extensive air shower) passing through many Eth volumes, thereby causing the nearly simultaneous launching of many positive streamer flashes. Due to ionization-heating instability, unusual plasma formations (UPFs) appear along the streamers' trajectories. These UPFs combine into three-dimensional (3-D) networks of hot plasma channels during the IEC, resulting in its observed weak current flow. The subsequent development and combination of two (or more) of these 3-D networks of hot plasma channels then causes the first IBP. Each subsequent IBP is caused when another 3-D network of hot plasma channels combines with the chain of networks caused by earlier IBPs. ©2020. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	initial breakdown pulse; initial electric-field change; Initiating Event; Narrow Bipolar Event; Origin of Lightning; Unusual plasma formation (UPF)
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/185654
作者单位	Moscow Institute of Electronics and Mathematics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kostinskiy A.Y.,Marshall T.C.,Stolzenburg M.. The Mechanism of the Origin and Development of Lightning From Initiating Event to Initial Breakdown Pulses (v.2)[J],2020,125(22).
APA	Kostinskiy A.Y.,Marshall T.C.,&Stolzenburg M..(2020).The Mechanism of the Origin and Development of Lightning From Initiating Event to Initial Breakdown Pulses (v.2).Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,125(22).
MLA	Kostinskiy A.Y.,et al."The Mechanism of the Origin and Development of Lightning From Initiating Event to Initial Breakdown Pulses (v.2)".Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 125.22(2020).