气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Factors Governing Cloud Growth and Entrainment Rates in Shallow Cumulus and Cumulus Congestus During GoAmazon2014/5

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DOI	10.1029/2021JD034722
	Factors Governing Cloud Growth and Entrainment Rates in Shallow Cumulus and Cumulus Congestus During GoAmazon2014/5
	Eissner J.M.; Mechem D.B.; Jensen M.P.; Giangrande S.E.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	2169897X
卷号	126 期号:12
英文摘要	Shallow cumulus and cumulus congestus clouds play an important role in the large-scale tropical circulation by mixing heat and moisture vertically and preconditioning the environment for deeper convection. Different representations of these shallow clouds account for much of the spread in General Circulation Model (GCMs) climate sensitivity, potentially because of how entrainment is represented in GCM parameterizations. This study uses observations from the Department of Energy's Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) mobile facility deployed at Manacapuru, Brazil, during the Green Ocean Amazon (GoAmazon2014/5) Campaign. Environmental thermodynamic profiles and observations of cloud top height (CTH) are used to constrain an entraining plume model to estimate bulk entrainment rates (ERs). Estimates of CTH are obtained from a combination of vertically pointing W-band ARM cloud radar and 1,290 MHz Radar Wind Profiler observations. A combination of radiosonde, microwave radiometer profiler, and microwave radiometer observations provides new best estimates of the environmental thermodynamic state. We quantify uncertainty in ERs considering uncertainties in estimated CTH, environmental thermodynamic properties, and assumed initial parcel characteristics. We find ERs ranging from 0.16 to 2.8 km−1 with an average of 0.58 ± 0.10 km−1 over a selected population of 469 shallow cumulus and cumulus congestus clouds. Using the retrieved estimates of ER, we evaluate several entrainment closures that are currently used in atmospheric models or have been proposed based on theory or large eddy simulation. Entrainment rates in cumulus clouds are weakly correlated with low-level buoyancy, cloud depth, and cloud size. © 2021. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	cumulus; entrainment
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/185132
作者单位	Department of Geography and Atmospheric Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States; Department of Environmental and Climate Sciences, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Eissner J.M.,Mechem D.B.,Jensen M.P.,et al. Factors Governing Cloud Growth and Entrainment Rates in Shallow Cumulus and Cumulus Congestus During GoAmazon2014/5[J],2021,126(12).
APA	Eissner J.M.,Mechem D.B.,Jensen M.P.,&Giangrande S.E..(2021).Factors Governing Cloud Growth and Entrainment Rates in Shallow Cumulus and Cumulus Congestus During GoAmazon2014/5.Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres,126(12).
MLA	Eissner J.M.,et al."Factors Governing Cloud Growth and Entrainment Rates in Shallow Cumulus and Cumulus Congestus During GoAmazon2014/5".Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 126.12(2021).