气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): 300,000 yr history of water-table fluctuations at Wind Cave, South Dakota, USA-Scale, timing, and groundwater mixing in the Madison Aquifer

CCPortal

DOI	10.1130/B35312.1
	300,000 yr history of water-table fluctuations at Wind Cave, South Dakota, USA-Scale, timing, and groundwater mixing in the Madison Aquifer
	Paces J.B.; Palmer M.V.; Palmer A.N.; Long A.J.; Emmons M.P.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	167606
起始页码	1447
结束页码	1468
卷号	132 期号:2021-07-08
英文摘要	Deposits of calcite coating the lower passages of Wind Cave in the southern Black Hills of South Dakota were precipitated under phreatic conditions. Data from samples associated with a new cave survey and hydrologic studies indicate that past water tables within Wind Cave reached a maximum height of 45 m above modern levels but were mostly confined to 25 m or less. Uranium-series ages for basal layers deposited on weathered wall rock indicate subaerial conditions in this part of the cave persisted between 1000 and 300 ka. Ages and elevations of wall coatings and cave rafts establish a 300,000 yr paleohydrograph indicating that water-table highstands occurred during interglacial or interstadial-to-early glacial periods and lowstands occurred during full-glacial and stadial episodes. Isotopes of Sr, U, C, and O from dated calcite samples were obtained to evaluate potential shifts in paleo-groundwater composition. For comparison, Sr and U isotopic compositions were determined for modern groundwater from 18 sites previously classified into five hydrogeologic domains. Isotope data for different domains tend to cluster in separate fields, although several fields overlap. Compositions of Calcite Lake (informal name) water reflect modern recharge to shallow aquifers. In contrast, speleothem data indicate that paleo-groundwater highstands were not supported by increased infiltration associated with local recharge, or by upwelling from deeper Proterozoic sources. Instead, cave water was similar to deeper, warmer groundwater from the Madison Aquifer discharging at modern artesian springs flanking the southern Black Hills. Highstands were likely influenced by large-scale hydraulic processes associated with recharge to the Madison Aquifer under the Laurentide ice sheet on the northeast side of the Williston Basin, causing increased hydrostatic pressures in confined aquifers on the south side of the basin. © 2019 Geological Society of America.
语种	英语
来源期刊	Bulletin of the Geological Society of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/184753
作者单位	U.S. Geological Survey, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225, United States; 619 Winney Hill Road, Oneonta, NY 13820, United States; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, State University of New York, Oneonta, NY 13820-4015, United States; U.S. Geological Survey, Washington Water Science Center, Tacoma, WA 98402, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Paces J.B.,Palmer M.V.,Palmer A.N.,et al. 300,000 yr history of water-table fluctuations at Wind Cave, South Dakota, USA-Scale, timing, and groundwater mixing in the Madison Aquifer[J],2020,132(2021-07-08).
APA	Paces J.B.,Palmer M.V.,Palmer A.N.,Long A.J.,&Emmons M.P..(2020).300,000 yr history of water-table fluctuations at Wind Cave, South Dakota, USA-Scale, timing, and groundwater mixing in the Madison Aquifer.Bulletin of the Geological Society of America,132(2021-07-08).
MLA	Paces J.B.,et al."300,000 yr history of water-table fluctuations at Wind Cave, South Dakota, USA-Scale, timing, and groundwater mixing in the Madison Aquifer".Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 132.2021-07-08(2020).