气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Role of external inputs of nutrients to aquatic ecosystems in determining prevalence of nitrogen vs. phosphorus limitation of net primary productivity

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DOI	10.1007/s10533-021-00765-z
	Role of external inputs of nutrients to aquatic ecosystems in determining prevalence of nitrogen vs. phosphorus limitation of net primary productivity
	Howarth R.W.; Chan F.; Swaney D.P.; Marino R.M.; Hayn M.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1682563
起始页码	293
结束页码	306
卷号	154 期号:2
英文摘要	Whether net primary productivity in an aquatic ecosystem is limited by nitrogen (N), limited by phosphorus (P), or co-limited by N & P is determined by the relative supply of N and P to phytoplankton compared to their elemental requirements for primary production, often characterized by the “Redfield” ratio. The supply of these essential nutrients is affected by both external inputs and biogeochemical processes within the ecosystem. In this paper, we examine external sources of nutrients to aquatic systems and how the balance of N to P inputs influences nutrient limitation. For ocean subtropical gyres, a relatively balanced input of N and P relative to the Redfield ratio from deep ocean sources often leads to near co-limitation by N and P. For lakes, the external nutrient inputs come largely from watershed sources, and we demonstrate that on average the N:P ratio for these inputs across the United States is well above that needed by phytoplankton, which may contribute to P limitation in those lake that experience this average nutrient loading. Watershed inputs are also important for estuaries and coastal marine ecosystems, but ocean sources of nutrients are also significant contributors to overall nutrient loads. The ocean-nutrient sources of N and P are very often at or below the Redfield ratio of 16:1 molar, and can be substantially so, particularly in areas where the continental shelf is wide. This large input of coastal ocean nutrients with a low N:P ratio is one factor that may make N limitation more likely in many coastal marine ecosystems than in lakes. © 2021, The Author(s).
英文关键词	Aquatic ecosystems; Coastal marine ecosystems; Estuaries; NANI; NAPI; Nitrogen limitation; Nutrient limitation; Nutrient stoichiometry; Phosphorus limitation; Redfield ratio
语种	英语
来源期刊	Biogeochemistry
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/184591
作者单位	Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States; The Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, United States; OSU-NOAA Cooperative Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Howarth R.W.,Chan F.,Swaney D.P.,et al. Role of external inputs of nutrients to aquatic ecosystems in determining prevalence of nitrogen vs. phosphorus limitation of net primary productivity[J],2021,154(2).
APA	Howarth R.W.,Chan F.,Swaney D.P.,Marino R.M.,&Hayn M..(2021).Role of external inputs of nutrients to aquatic ecosystems in determining prevalence of nitrogen vs. phosphorus limitation of net primary productivity.Biogeochemistry,154(2).
MLA	Howarth R.W.,et al."Role of external inputs of nutrients to aquatic ecosystems in determining prevalence of nitrogen vs. phosphorus limitation of net primary productivity".Biogeochemistry 154.2(2021).