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| DOI | 10.1073/PNAS.1912441117 |
| A scientific theory of gist communication and misinformation resistance, with implications for health, education, and policy | |
| Reyna V.F. | |
| 发表日期 | 2021 |
| ISSN | 00278424 |
| 卷号 | 118期号:15 |
| 英文摘要 | A framework is presented for understanding how misinformation shapes decision-making, which has cognitive representations of gist at its core. I discuss how the framework goes beyond prior work, and how it can be implemented so that valid scientific messages are more likely to be effective, remembered, and shared through social media, while misinformation is resisted. The distinction between mental representations of the rote facts of a message—its verbatim representation—and its gist explains several paradoxes, including the frequent disconnect between knowing facts and, yet, making decisions that seem contrary to those facts. Decision makers can falsely remember the gist as seen or heard even when they remember verbatim facts. Indeed, misinformation can be more compelling than information when it provides an interpretation of reality that makes better sense than the facts. Consequently, for many issues, scientific information and misinformation are in a battle for the gist. A fuzzy-processing preference for simple gist explains expectations for antibiotics, the spread of misinformation about vaccination, and responses to messages about global warming, nuclear proliferation, and natural disasters. The gist, which reflects knowledge and experience, induces emotions and brings to mind social values. However, changing mental representations is not sufficient by itself; gist representations must be connected to values. The policy choice is not simply between constraining behavior or persuasion—there is another option. Science communication needs to shift from an emphasis on disseminating rote facts to achieving insight, retaining its integrity but without shying away from emotions and values. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. |
| 英文关键词 | Emotion; Fuzzy-trace theory; Gist; Misinformation; Science communication |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 来源期刊 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
 |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/181187 |
| 作者单位 | Human Neuroscience Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Reyna V.F.. A scientific theory of gist communication and misinformation resistance, with implications for health, education, and policy[J],2021,118(15). |
| APA | Reyna V.F..(2021).A scientific theory of gist communication and misinformation resistance, with implications for health, education, and policy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(15). |
| MLA | Reyna V.F.."A scientific theory of gist communication and misinformation resistance, with implications for health, education, and policy".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.15(2021). |
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