气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Visualizing active viral infection reveals diverse cell fates in synchronized algal bloom demise

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/PNAS.2021586118
	Visualizing active viral infection reveals diverse cell fates in synchronized algal bloom demise
	Vincent F.; Sheyn U.; Porat Z.; Schatz D.; Vardi A.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	00278424
卷号	118 期号:11
英文摘要	Marine viruses are the most abundant biological entity in the ocean and are considered as major evolutionary drivers of microbial life [C. A. Suttle, Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 5, 801-812 (2007)]. Yet, we lack quantitative approaches to assess their impact on the marine ecosystem. Here, we provide quantification of active viral infection in the bloom forming single-celled phytoplankton Emiliania huxleyi infected by the large virus EhV, using high-throughput single-molecule messenger RNA in situ hybridization (smFISH) of both virus and host transcripts. In natural samples, viral infection reached only 25% of the population despite synchronized bloom demise exposing the coexistence of infected and noninfected subpopulations. We prove that photosynthetically active cells chronically release viral particles through nonlytic infection and that viral-induced cell lysis can occur without viral release, thus challenging major assumptions regarding the life cycle of giant viruses. We could also assess active infection in cell aggregates linking viral infection and carbon export to the deep ocean [C. P. Laber et al., Nat. Microbiol. 3, 537-547 (2018)] and suggest a potential host defense strategy by enrichment of infected cells in sinking aggregates. Our approach can be applied to diverse marine microbial systems, opening a mechanistic dimension to the study of biotic interactions in the ocean. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Algal blooms; Giant virus; Single cell; SmFISH; Viral life cycle
语种	英语
scopus关键词	messenger RNA; algal bloom; Article; cell aggregation; cell fate; controlled study; Emiliania huxleyi; flow cytometry; high throughput imaging; host resistance; in situ hybridization; life cycle; marine environment; nonhuman; photosynthesis; phytoplankton; priority journal; single molecule messenger RNA in situ hybridization; virus cell interaction; virus culture; virus infection; virus particle; virus release
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/181181
作者单位	Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel; Flow Cytometry Unit, Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel; Research and Education, Daniel K. Inouye Center for Microbial Ocean ography, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Vincent F.,Sheyn U.,Porat Z.,et al. Visualizing active viral infection reveals diverse cell fates in synchronized algal bloom demise[J],2021,118(11).
APA	Vincent F.,Sheyn U.,Porat Z.,Schatz D.,&Vardi A..(2021).Visualizing active viral infection reveals diverse cell fates in synchronized algal bloom demise.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(11).
MLA	Vincent F.,et al."Visualizing active viral infection reveals diverse cell fates in synchronized algal bloom demise".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.11(2021).