气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Energetics and fear of humans constrain the spatial ecology of pumas

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.2004592118
	Energetics and fear of humans constrain the spatial ecology of pumas
	Nickel B.A.; Suraci J.P.; Nisi A.C.; Wilmers C.C.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	00278424
卷号	118 期号:5
英文摘要	Energetic demands and fear of predators are considered primary factors shaping animal behavior, and both are likely drivers of movement decisions that ultimately determine the spatial ecology of wildlife. Yet energetic constraints on movement imposed by the physical landscape have only been considered separately from those imposed by risk avoidance, limiting our understanding of how short-term movement decisions scale up to affect long-term space use. Here, we integrate the costs of both physical terrain and predation risk into a common currency, energy, and then quantify their effects on the short-term movement and long-term spatial ecology of a large carnivore living in a human-dominated landscape. Using high-resolution GPS and accelerometer data from collared pumas (Puma concolor), we calculated the short-term (i.e., 5-min) energetic costs of navigating both rugged physical terrain and a landscape of risk from humans (major sources of both mortality and fear for our study population). Both the physical and risk landscapes affected puma short-term movement costs, with risk having a relatively greater impact by inducing high-energy but low-efficiency movement behavior. The cumulative effects of short-term movement costs led to reductions of 29% to 68% in daily travel distances and total home range area. For male pumas, long-term patterns of space use were predominantly driven by the energetic costs of human-induced risk. This work demonstrates that, along with physical terrain, predation risk plays a primary role in shaping an animal’s “energy landscape” and suggests that fear of humans may be a major factor affecting wildlife movements worldwide. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Accelerometry; Ecology of fear; Energy landscape; Large carnivore; Movement ecology
语种	英语
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/180803
作者单位	Center for Integrated Spatial Research, Environmental Studies Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Nickel B.A.,Suraci J.P.,Nisi A.C.,et al. Energetics and fear of humans constrain the spatial ecology of pumas[J],2021,118(5).
APA	Nickel B.A.,Suraci J.P.,Nisi A.C.,&Wilmers C.C..(2021).Energetics and fear of humans constrain the spatial ecology of pumas.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(5).
MLA	Nickel B.A.,et al."Energetics and fear of humans constrain the spatial ecology of pumas".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.5(2021).