气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): From driverless dilemmas to more practical commonsense tests for automated vehicles

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.2010202118
	From driverless dilemmas to more practical commonsense tests for automated vehicles
	De Freitas J.; Censi A.; Smith B.W.; Lillo L.D.; Anthony S.E.; Frazzoli E.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	00278424
卷号	118 期号:11
英文摘要	For the first time in history, automated vehicles (AVs) are being deployed in populated environments. This unprecedented transformation of our everyday lives demands a significant undertaking: endowing complex autonomous systems with ethically acceptable behavior. We outline how one prominent, ethically relevant component of AVs-driving behavior-is inextricably linked to stakeholders in the technical, regulatory, and social spheres of the field. Whereas humans are presumed (rightly or wrongly) to have the "common sense" to behave ethically in new driving situations beyond a standard driving test, AVs do not (and probably should not) enjoy this presumption. We examine, at a high level, how to test the common sense of an AV. We start by reviewing discussions of "driverless dilemmas," adaptions of the traditional "trolley dilemmas" of philosophy that have sparked discussion on AV ethics but have limited use to the technical and legal spheres. Then, we explain how to substantially change the premises and features of these dilemmas (while preserving their behavioral diagnostic spirit) in order to lay the foundations for a more practical and relevant framework that tests driving common sense as an integral part of road rules testing. © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Artificial intelligence; Automated driving; Ethics; Policy; Public health
语种	英语
scopus关键词	artificial intelligence; ethics; human; public health; review; article
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/180300
作者单位	Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zürich, Zurich, 8092, Switzerland; School of Law, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29201, United States; College of Engineering and Computing, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29201, United States; Property and Casualty Solutions, Reinsurance, Swiss Reinsurance Company, Ltd., Zurich, 8022, Switzerland; Perceptive Automata Inc., Boston, MA 02108, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	De Freitas J.,Censi A.,Smith B.W.,et al. From driverless dilemmas to more practical commonsense tests for automated vehicles[J],2021,118(11).
APA	De Freitas J.,Censi A.,Smith B.W.,Lillo L.D.,Anthony S.E.,&Frazzoli E..(2021).From driverless dilemmas to more practical commonsense tests for automated vehicles.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,118(11).
MLA	De Freitas J.,et al."From driverless dilemmas to more practical commonsense tests for automated vehicles".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118.11(2021).