气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Recent water mass changes reveal mechanisms of ocean warming

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DOI	10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0355.1
	Recent water mass changes reveal mechanisms of ocean warming
	Zika J.D.; Gregory J.M.; McDonagh E.L.; Marzocchi A.; Clément L.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	08948755
起始页码	3461
结束页码	3479
卷号	34 期号:9
英文摘要	Over 90% of the buildup of additional heat in the Earth system over recent decades is contained in the ocean. Since 2006, new observational programs have revealed heterogeneous patterns of ocean heat content change. It is unclear how much of this heterogeneity is due to heat being added to and mixed within the ocean leading to material changes in water mass properties or is due to changes in circulation that redistribute existing water masses. Here we present a novel diagnosis of the ''material'' and ''redistributed'' contributions to regional heat content change between 2006 and 2017 that is based on a new ''minimum transformation method'' informed by both water mass transformation and optimal transportation theory. We show that material warming has large spatial coherence. The material change tends to be smaller than the redistributed change at any geographical location; however, it sums globally to the net warming of the ocean, whereas the redistributed component sums, by design, to zero. Material warming is robust over the time period of this analysis, whereas the redistributed signal only emerges from the variability in a few regions. In the North Atlantic Ocean, water mass changes indicate substantial material warming while redistribution cools the subpolar region as a result of a slowdown in the meridional overturning circulation. Warming in the Southern Ocean is explained by material warming and by anomalous southward heat transport of 118 6 50 TW through redistribution. Our results suggest that near-term projections of ocean heat content change and therefore sea level change will hinge on understanding and predicting changes in ocean redistribution. © 2021 American Meteorological Society
英文关键词	Climate change; Climate variability; Heat budgets/fluxes; Ocean; Trends; Water masses/storage
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Enthalpy; Mass transportation; Sea level; Geographical locations; Meridional overturning circulations; North Atlantic Ocean; Ocean heat content; Optimal transportations; Transformation methods; Water mass transformation; Water-mass properties; Materials handling
来源期刊	Journal of Climate
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/178624
作者单位	School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom; NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway; National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Zika J.D.,Gregory J.M.,McDonagh E.L.,et al. Recent water mass changes reveal mechanisms of ocean warming[J],2021,34(9).
APA	Zika J.D.,Gregory J.M.,McDonagh E.L.,Marzocchi A.,&Clément L..(2021).Recent water mass changes reveal mechanisms of ocean warming.Journal of Climate,34(9).
MLA	Zika J.D.,et al."Recent water mass changes reveal mechanisms of ocean warming".Journal of Climate 34.9(2021).