气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Extreme temperatures in the Antarctic

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DOI	10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0538.1
	Extreme temperatures in the Antarctic
	Turner J.; Lu H.; King J.; Marshall G.J.; Phillips T.; Bannister D.; Colwell S.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	08948755
起始页码	2653
结束页码	2668
卷号	34 期号:7
英文摘要	We present the first Antarctic-wide analysis of extreme near-surface air temperatures based on data collected up to the end of 2019 as part of the synoptic meteorological observing programs. We consider temperatures at 17 stations on the Antarctic continent and nearby sub-Antarctic islands. We examine the frequency distributions of temperatures and the highest and lowest individual temperatures observed. The variability and trends in the number of extreme temperatures were examined via the mean daily temperatures computed from the 0000, 0600, 1200, and 1800 UTC observations, with the thresholds for extreme warm and cold days taken as the 5th and 95th percentiles. The five stations examined from the Antarctic Peninsula region all experienced a statistically significant increase (p, 0.01) in the number of extreme high temperatures in the late-twentieth-century part of their records, although the number of extremes decreased in subsequent years. For the period after 1979 we investigate the synoptic background to the extreme events using ECMWF interim reanalysis (ERA-Interim) fields. The majority of record high temperatures were recorded after the passage of air masses over high orography, with the air being warmed by the foehn effect. At some stations in coastal East Antarctica the highest temperatures were recorded after air with a high potential temperature descended from the Antarctic plateau, resulting in an air mass 58–78C warmer than the maritime air. Record low temperatures at the Antarctic Peninsula stations were observed during winters with positive sea ice anomalies over the Bellingshausen and Weddell Seas. © 2021 American Meteorological Society.
英文关键词	Antarctic Oscillation; Antarctica; Atmosphere; Climate variability; Temperature
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Meteorology; Sea ice; Antarctic Peninsula; Antarctic plateau; Daily temperatures; Extreme temperatures; Frequency distributions; Highest temperature; Near surface air temperature; Twentieth century; Atmospheric temperature; Antarctic Oscillation; atmosphere; climate change; extreme event; surface temperature; synoptic meteorology; Antarctic Peninsula; Antarctica; West Antarctica
来源期刊	Journal of Climate
来源机构	英国自然环境研究理事会
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/178596
作者单位	British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Turner J.,Lu H.,King J.,et al. Extreme temperatures in the Antarctic[J]. 英国自然环境研究理事会,2021,34(7).
APA	Turner J..,Lu H..,King J..,Marshall G.J..,Phillips T..,...&Colwell S..(2021).Extreme temperatures in the Antarctic.Journal of Climate,34(7).
MLA	Turner J.,et al."Extreme temperatures in the Antarctic".Journal of Climate 34.7(2021).