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| DOI | 10.1038/s41612-020-00150-x |
| The effect of rapid adjustments to halocarbons and N2O on radiative forcing | |
| Hodnebrog Ø.; Myhre G.; Kramer R.J.; Shine K.P.; Andrews T.; Faluvegi G.; Kasoar M.; Kirkevåg A.; Lamarque J.-F.; Mülmenstädt J.; Olivié D.; Samset B.H.; Shindell D.; Smith C.J.; Takemura T.; Voulgarakis A. | |
| 发表日期 | 2020 |
| ISSN | 23973722 |
| 卷号 | 3期号:1 |
| 英文摘要 | Rapid adjustments occur after initial perturbation of an external climate driver (e.g., CO2) and involve changes in, e.g. atmospheric temperature, water vapour and clouds, independent of sea surface temperature changes. Knowledge of such adjustments is necessary to estimate effective radiative forcing (ERF), a useful indicator of surface temperature change, and to understand global precipitation changes due to different drivers. Yet, rapid adjustments have not previously been analysed in any detail for certain compounds, including halocarbons and N2O. Here we use several global climate models combined with radiative kernel calculations to show that individual rapid adjustment terms due to CFC-11, CFC-12 and N2O are substantial, but that the resulting flux changes approximately cancel at the top-of-atmosphere due to compensating effects. Our results further indicate that radiative forcing (which includes stratospheric temperature adjustment) is a reasonable approximation for ERF. These CFCs lead to a larger increase in precipitation per kelvin surface temperature change (2.2 ± 0.3% K−1) compared to other well-mixed greenhouse gases (1.4 ± 0.3% K−1 for CO2). This is largely due to rapid upper tropospheric warming and cloud adjustments, which lead to enhanced atmospheric radiative cooling (and hence a precipitation increase) and partly compensate increased atmospheric radiative heating (i.e. which is associated with a precipitation decrease) from the instantaneous perturbation. © 2020, The Author(s). |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| scopus关键词 | air temperature; atmospheric chemistry; carbon dioxide; climate modeling; halocarbon; nitrogen oxides; nitrous oxide; radiative forcing; stratosphere; surface temperature; top of atmosphere; water vapor |
| 来源期刊 | npj Climate and Atmospheric Science
 |
| 文献类型 | 期刊论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/178023 |
| 作者单位 | CICERO Center for International Climate Research, Oslo, Norway; Climate and Radiation Laboratory, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, United States; Universities Space Research Association, 7178 Columbia Gateway Drive, Columbia, MD 21046, United States; Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom; Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom; NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, New York, United States; Center for Climate Systems Research, Columbia University, New York, United States; Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Oslo, Norway; NCAR/UCAR, Boulder, CO 80301, United States; Institute of Meteorology, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States; School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria... |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Hodnebrog Ø.,Myhre G.,Kramer R.J.,et al. The effect of rapid adjustments to halocarbons and N2O on radiative forcing[J],2020,3(1). |
| APA | Hodnebrog Ø..,Myhre G..,Kramer R.J..,Shine K.P..,Andrews T..,...&Voulgarakis A..(2020).The effect of rapid adjustments to halocarbons and N2O on radiative forcing.npj Climate and Atmospheric Science,3(1). |
| MLA | Hodnebrog Ø.,et al."The effect of rapid adjustments to halocarbons and N2O on radiative forcing".npj Climate and Atmospheric Science 3.1(2020). |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
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