气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The chilean tornado outbreak of may 2019 synoptic, mesoscale, and historical contexts

CCPortal

DOI	10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0218.1
	The chilean tornado outbreak of may 2019 synoptic, mesoscale, and historical contexts
	Vicencio J.; Rondanelli R.; Campos D.; Valenzuela R.; Garreaud R.; Reyes A.; Padilla R.; Abarca R.; Barahona C.; Delgado R.; Nicora G.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	00030007
起始页码	E611
结束页码	E634
卷号	102 期号:3
英文摘要	In late May 2019, at least seven tornadoes were reported within a 24-h period in southern Chile (western South America, 36°-38°S), including EF1 and EF2 events causing substantial damage to infrastructure, dozens of injuries, and one fatality. Despite anecdotal evidence and chronicles of similar historical events, the threat from tornadoes in Chile was regarded with skepticism until the 2019 outbreak. Herein, we describe the synoptic-scale features instrumental in the development of these tornadic storms, including an extended southwest-northeast trough along the South Pacific, with a large postfrontal instability area. Tornadic storms appear to be embedded in a modestly unstable environment (positive convective available potential energy but less than 1,000 J kg−1) and strong low- and midlevel wind shear, with high near-surface storm-relative helicity values (close to −200 m2 s−2), clearly differing from the Great Plains tornadoes in North America (with highly unstable environments) but resembling cold-season tornadoes previously observed in the midlatitudes of North America, Australia, and Europe. Reanalyzing rainfall and lightning data from the last 10 years, we found that tornadic storms in our region occur associated with locally extreme values of both CAPE and low-level wind shear, where a combination of the two in a low-level vorticity generation parameter appears as a simple first-order discriminant between tornadic and nontornadic environments. Future research should thoroughly examine historical events worldwide to assemble a database of high-shear, low-CAPE midlatitude storms and help improve our understanding of these storms' underlying physics. © 2021 American Meteorological Society
英文关键词	Convective clouds; Extreme events; Mesoscale systems; South America; Tornadoes
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Potential energy; Storms; Anecdotal evidences; Convective available potential energies; Lightning datum; Low-level winds; Mid-latitude storms; Tornado outbreak; Vorticity generation; Western south america; Tornadoes
来源期刊	Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/177714
作者单位	Dirección Meteorológica de Chile, Departamento de Geofísica, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Geofísica, Universidad de Chile, Center for Climate and Resilience Research, Santiago, Chile; Center for Climate and Resilience Research, Santiago, Instituto de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile; Dirección Meteorológica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; CEILAP, UNIDEF, (MINDEF-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Vicencio J.,Rondanelli R.,Campos D.,et al. The chilean tornado outbreak of may 2019 synoptic, mesoscale, and historical contexts[J],2021,102(3).
APA	Vicencio J..,Rondanelli R..,Campos D..,Valenzuela R..,Garreaud R..,...&Nicora G..(2021).The chilean tornado outbreak of may 2019 synoptic, mesoscale, and historical contexts.Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,102(3).
MLA	Vicencio J.,et al."The chilean tornado outbreak of may 2019 synoptic, mesoscale, and historical contexts".Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 102.3(2021).