气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Public Health and Climate Benefits and Trade-Offs of U.S. Vehicle Electrification

CCPortal

DOI	10.1029/2020GH000275
	Public Health and Climate Benefits and Trade-Offs of U.S. Vehicle Electrification
	Peters D.R.; Schnell J.L.; Kinney P.L.; Naik V.; Horton D.E.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	24711403
卷号	4 期号:10
英文摘要	Vehicle electrification is a common climate change mitigation strategy, with policymakers invoking co-beneficial reductions in carbon dioxide (CO2) and air pollutant emissions. However, while previous studies of U.S. electric vehicle (EV) adoption consistently predict CO2 mitigation benefits, air quality outcomes are equivocal and depend on policies assessed and experimental parameters. We analyze climate and health co-benefits and trade-offs of six U.S. EV adoption scenarios: 25% or 75% replacement of conventional internal combustion engine vehicles, each under three different EV-charging energy generation scenarios. We transfer emissions from tailpipe to power generation plant, simulate interactions of atmospheric chemistry and meteorology using the GFDL-AM4 chemistry climate model, and assess health consequences and uncertainties using the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Benefits Mapping Analysis Program Community Edition (BenMAP-CE). We find that 25% U.S. EV adoption, with added energy demand sourced from the present-day electric grid, annually results in a ~242 M ton reduction in CO2 emissions, 437 deaths avoided due to PM2.5 reductions (95% CI: 295, 578), and 98 deaths avoided due to lesser ozone formation (95% CI: 33, 162). Despite some regions experiencing adverse health outcomes, ~$16.8B in damages avoided are predicted. Peak CO2 reductions and health benefits occur with 75% EV adoption and increased emission-free energy sources (~$70B in damages avoided). When charging-electricity from aggressive EV adoption is combustion-only, adverse health outcomes increase substantially, highlighting the importance of low-to-zero emission power generation for greater realization of health co-benefits. Our results provide a more nuanced understanding of the transportation sector's climate change mitigation-health impact relationship. ©2020. The Authors.
英文关键词	air quality; climate change; co-benefits; electric vehicles; health impact analysis
来源期刊	GeoHealth
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/176797
作者单位	Program in Environmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States; Environmental Defense Fund, Austin, TX, United States; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Institute for Sustainability and Energy, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder NOAA/Global Systems Laboratory, Boulder, CO, United States; Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Peters D.R.,Schnell J.L.,Kinney P.L.,et al. Public Health and Climate Benefits and Trade-Offs of U.S. Vehicle Electrification[J],2020,4(10).
APA	Peters D.R.,Schnell J.L.,Kinney P.L.,Naik V.,&Horton D.E..(2020).Public Health and Climate Benefits and Trade-Offs of U.S. Vehicle Electrification.GeoHealth,4(10).
MLA	Peters D.R.,et al."Public Health and Climate Benefits and Trade-Offs of U.S. Vehicle Electrification".GeoHealth 4.10(2020).