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DOI	10.1038/s41558-020-00943-1
	Opposite response of strong and moderate positive Indian Ocean Dipole to global warming
	Cai W.; Yang K.; Wu L.; Huang G.; Santoso A.; Ng B.; Wang G.; Yamagata T.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	1758-678X
起始页码	27
结束页码	32
卷号	11 期号:1
英文摘要	A strong positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD) induces weather extremes such as the 2019 Australian bushfires and African floods. The impact is influenced by sea surface temperature (SST), yet models disagree on how pIOD SST may respond to greenhouse warming. Here we find increased SST variability of strong pIOD events, with strong equatorial eastern Indian Ocean cool anomalies, but decreased variability of moderate pIOD events, dominated by western warm anomalies. This opposite response is detected in the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP5 and CMIP6) climate models that simulate the two pIOD regimes. Under greenhouse warming, the lower troposphere warms faster than the surface, limiting Ekman pumping that drives the moderate pIOD warm anomalies; however, faster surface warming in the equatorial western region favours atmospheric convection in the west, strengthening equatorial nonlinear advection that forces the strong pIOD cool anomalies. Climate extremes seen in 2019 are therefore likely to occur more frequently under greenhouse warming. © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
英文关键词	advection; air-sea interaction; atmospheric convection; bushfire; CMIP; Ekman pumping; extreme event; global warming; Indian Ocean Dipole; nonlinearity; sea surface temperature; Indian Ocean
语种	英语
来源期刊	Nature Climate Change
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/171606
作者单位	Key Laboratory of Physical Oceanography–Institute for Advanced Ocean Studies, Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Center for Southern Hemisphere Oceans Research (CSHOR), CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Hobart, TAS, Australia; State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Application Laboratory, JAMSTEC, Yokohama, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Cai W.,Yang K.,Wu L.,et al. Opposite response of strong and moderate positive Indian Ocean Dipole to global warming[J],2021,11(1).
APA	Cai W..,Yang K..,Wu L..,Huang G..,Santoso A..,...&Yamagata T..(2021).Opposite response of strong and moderate positive Indian Ocean Dipole to global warming.Nature Climate Change,11(1).
MLA	Cai W.,et al."Opposite response of strong and moderate positive Indian Ocean Dipole to global warming".Nature Climate Change 11.1(2021).