气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Climate response to increasing antarctic iceberg and ice shelf melt

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DOI	10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0881.1
	Climate response to increasing antarctic iceberg and ice shelf melt
	Mackie S.; Smith I.J.; Ridley J.K.; Stevens D.P.; Langhorne P.J.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0894-8755
起始页码	8917
结束页码	8938
卷号	33 期号:20
英文摘要	Mass loss from the Antarctic continent is increasing; however, climate models either assume a constant mass loss rate or return snowfall over land to the ocean to maintain equilibrium. Numerous studies have investigated sea ice and ocean sensitivity to this assumption and reached different conclusions, possibly due to different representations of melt fluxes. The coupled atmosphere-land-ocean-sea ice model, HadGEM3-GC3.1, includes a realistic spatial distribution of coastal melt fluxes, a new ice shelf cavity parameterization, and explicit representation of icebergs. This configuration makes it appropriate to revisit how increasing melt fluxes influence ocean and sea ice and to assess whether responses to melt from ice shelves and icebergs are distinguishable. We present results from simulated scenarios of increasing meltwater fluxes and show that these drive sea ice increases and, for increasing ice shelf melt, a decline in Antarctic Bottom Water formation. In our experiments, the mixed layer around the Antarctic coast deepens in response to rising ice shelf meltwater and shallows in response to stratification driven by iceberg melt. We find similar surface temperature and salinity responses to increasing meltwater fluxes from ice shelves and icebergs, but midlayer waters warm to greater depths and farther north when ice shelf melt is present. We show that as meltwater fluxes increase, snowfall becomes more likely at lower latitudes and Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport declines. These insights are helpful for interpretation of climate simulations that assume constant mass loss rates and demonstrate the importance of representing increasing melt rates for both ice shelves and icebergs. © 2020 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).
英文关键词	Climate models; Fire resistance; Ocean currents; Snow; Antarctic Bottom Water; Antarctic Circumpolar Currents; Antarctic coasts; Climate response; Climate simulation; Explicit representation; Meltwater fluxes; Surface temperatures; Sea ice; climate modeling; glaciology; ice sheet; ice shelf; iceberg; meltwater; numerical model; parameterization; sea ice; sensitivity analysis; spatial distribution; Antarctic Circumpolar Current; Southern Ocean
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Climate
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/171527
作者单位	Department of Physics, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Met Office, Exeter, United Kingdom; School of Mathematics, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Mackie S.,Smith I.J.,Ridley J.K.,et al. Climate response to increasing antarctic iceberg and ice shelf melt[J],2020,33(20).
APA	Mackie S.,Smith I.J.,Ridley J.K.,Stevens D.P.,&Langhorne P.J..(2020).Climate response to increasing antarctic iceberg and ice shelf melt.Journal of Climate,33(20).
MLA	Mackie S.,et al."Climate response to increasing antarctic iceberg and ice shelf melt".Journal of Climate 33.20(2020).