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DOI	10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0295.1
	What drives upper-ocean temperature variability in coupled climate models and observations?
	Justin Small R.; Bryan F.O.; Bishop S.P.; Larson S.; Tomas R.A.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0894-8755
起始页码	577
结束页码	596
卷号	33 期号:2
英文摘要	A key question in climate modeling is to what extent sea surface temperature and upper-ocean heat content are driven passively by air-sea heat fluxes, as opposed to forcing by ocean dynamics. This paper investigates the question using a climate model at different resolutions, and observations, for monthly variability. At the grid scale in a high-resolution climate model with resolved mesoscale ocean eddies, ocean dynamics (i.e., ocean heat flux convergence) dominates upper 50 m heat content variability over most of the globe. For deeper depths of integration to 400 m, the heat content variability at the grid scale is almost totally controlled by ocean heat flux convergence. However, a strong dependence on spatial scale is found-for the upper 50 m of ocean, after smoothing the data to around 78, air-sea heat fluxes, augmented by Ekman heat transports, dominate. For deeper depths of integration to 400 m, the transition scale becomes larger and is above 108 in western boundary currents. Comparison of climate model results with observations show that the small-scale influence of ocean intrinsic variability is well captured by the high-resolution model but is missing from a comparable model with parameterized ocean-eddy effects. In the deep tropics, ocean dynamics dominates in all cases and all scales. In the subtropical gyres at large scales, air-sea heat fluxes play the biggest role. In the midlatitudes, at large scales .108, atmosphere-driven air-sea heat fluxes and Ekman heat transport variability are the dominant processes except in the western boundary currents for the 400 m heat content. © 2019 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).
英文关键词	Digital storage; Dynamics; Enthalpy; Heat flux; Heat transfer; Oceanography; Surface waters; Tropics; Content variability; Coupled climate model; Different resolutions; High resolution climate model; High-resolution models; Intrinsic variabilities; Sea surface temperature (SST); Western boundary currents; Climate models; boundary current; climate modeling; Ekman transport; gyre; heat flux; heat transfer; mesoscale eddy; sea surface temperature; upper ocean
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Climate
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/171497
作者单位	National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Justin Small R.,Bryan F.O.,Bishop S.P.,et al. What drives upper-ocean temperature variability in coupled climate models and observations?[J],2020,33(2).
APA	Justin Small R.,Bryan F.O.,Bishop S.P.,Larson S.,&Tomas R.A..(2020).What drives upper-ocean temperature variability in coupled climate models and observations?.Journal of Climate,33(2).
MLA	Justin Small R.,et al."What drives upper-ocean temperature variability in coupled climate models and observations?".Journal of Climate 33.2(2020).