气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Higher sea levels at Hawaii caused by strong El Niño and weak trade winds

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DOI	10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0221.1
	Higher sea levels at Hawaii caused by strong El Niño and weak trade winds
	Long X.; Widlansky M.J.; Schloesser F.; Thompson P.R.; Annamalai H.; Merrifield M.A.; Yoon H.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0894-8755
起始页码	3037
结束页码	3059
卷号	33 期号:8
英文摘要	Hawaii experienced record-high sea levels during 2017, which followed the 2015 strong El Niño and coincided with weak trade winds in the tropical northeastern Pacific. The record sea levels were associated with a combination of processes, an important contributing factor of which was the persistent high sea level (;10 cm above normal) over a large region stretching between Hawaii and Mexico. High sea levels at Mexico are known to occur during strong El Niño as the coastal thermocline deepens. Planetary wave theory predicts that these coastal anomalies propagate westward into the basin interior; however, high sea levels at Hawaii do not occur consistently following strong El Niño events. In particular, Hawaii sea levels remained near normal following the previous strong El Niño of 1997. The processes controlling whether Hawaii sea levels rise after El Niño have so far remained unknown. Atmosphere-forced ocean model experiments show that anomalous surface cooling, controlled by variable trade winds, impacts sea level via mixed layer density, explaining much of the difference in Hawaiian sea level response after the two recent strong El Niño events. In climate model projections with greenhouse warming, more frequent weak trade winds following El Niño events are expected, suggesting that the occurrence of high sea levels at Hawaii will increase as oceanic anomalies more often traverse the basin. © 2020 American Meteorological Society. For information regarding reuse of this content and general copyright information, consult the AMS Copyright Policy (www.ametsoc.org/PUBSReuseLicenses).
英文关键词	Climate models; Commerce; Process control; Wind; Contributing factor; Greenhouse warming; Large regions; Mixed layer; North-eastern Pacific; Ocean model; Planetary Waves; Surface cooling; Sea level; climate modeling; El Nino; greenhouse gas; planetary wave; sea level change; thermocline; trade wind; Hawaii [United States]; Mexico [North America]; Pacific Ocean; Pacific Ocean (Northeast); United States
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Climate
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/171362
作者单位	Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, Haiti; International Pacific Research Center, University of Hawai‘i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, Haiti; Department of Oceanography, University of Hawai‘i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, Haiti; Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Long X.,Widlansky M.J.,Schloesser F.,et al. Higher sea levels at Hawaii caused by strong El Niño and weak trade winds[J],2020,33(8).
APA	Long X..,Widlansky M.J..,Schloesser F..,Thompson P.R..,Annamalai H..,...&Yoon H..(2020).Higher sea levels at Hawaii caused by strong El Niño and weak trade winds.Journal of Climate,33(8).
MLA	Long X.,et al."Higher sea levels at Hawaii caused by strong El Niño and weak trade winds".Journal of Climate 33.8(2020).