气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Observational evidence that radiative heating modifies the life cycle of tropical anvil clouds

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DOI	10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0204.1
	Observational evidence that radiative heating modifies the life cycle of tropical anvil clouds
	Wall C.J.; Norris J.R.; Gasparini B.; Smith W.L.; Thieman M.M.; Sourdeval O.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0894-8755
起始页码	8621
结束页码	8640
卷号	33 期号:20
英文摘要	A variety of satellite and ground-based observations are used to study how diurnal variations of cloud radiative heating affect the life cycle of anvil clouds over the tropical western Pacific Ocean. High clouds thicker than 2 km experience longwave heating at cloud base, longwave cooling at cloud top, and shortwave heating at cloud top. The shortwave and longwave effects have similar magnitudes during midday, but only the longwave effect is present at night, so high clouds experience a substantial diurnal cycle of radiative heating. Furthermore, anvil clouds are more persistent or laterally expansive during daytime. This cannot be explained by variations of convective intensity or geographic patterns of convection, suggesting that shortwave heating causes anvil clouds to persist longer or spread over a larger area. It is then investigated if shortwave heatingmodifies anvil development by altering turbulence in the cloud. According to one theory, radiative heating drives turbulent overturning within anvil clouds that can be sufficiently vigorous to cause ice nucleation in the updrafts, thereby extending the cloud lifetime. High-frequency air motionand ice-crystalnumber concentration are shown tobe inversely related near cloud top, however. This suggests that turbulence depletes or disperses ice crystals at a faster rate than it nucleates them, so another mechanism must cause the diurnal variation of anvil clouds. It is hypothesized that radiative heating affects anvil development primarily by inducing a mesoscale circulation that offsets gravitational settling of cloud particles. © 2020 American Meteorological Society. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Heat radiation; Ice; Tropics; Turbulence; Convective intensity; Diurnal variation; Geographic pattern; Gravitational settlings; Ground-based observations; Mesoscale circulation; Radiative heating; Tropical Western Pacific; Radiant heating; atmospheric convection; cloud microphysics; convective cloud; diurnal variation; mesoscale meteorology; radiative transfer; Pacific Ocean
语种	英语
来源期刊	Journal of Climate
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/170918
作者单位	Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States; Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Nasa Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, United States; Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, United States; Umr 8518-Laboratoire d'Optique Atmosphérique, University of Lille, Cnrs, Lille, France
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wall C.J.,Norris J.R.,Gasparini B.,et al. Observational evidence that radiative heating modifies the life cycle of tropical anvil clouds[J],2021,33(20).
APA	Wall C.J.,Norris J.R.,Gasparini B.,Smith W.L.,Thieman M.M.,&Sourdeval O..(2021).Observational evidence that radiative heating modifies the life cycle of tropical anvil clouds.Journal of Climate,33(20).
MLA	Wall C.J.,et al."Observational evidence that radiative heating modifies the life cycle of tropical anvil clouds".Journal of Climate 33.20(2021).