气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Preseismic Fault Creep and Elastic Wave Amplitude Precursors Scale With Lab Earthquake Magnitude for the Continuum of Tectonic Failure Modes

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DOI	10.1029/2020GL086986
	Preseismic Fault Creep and Elastic Wave Amplitude Precursors Scale With Lab Earthquake Magnitude for the Continuum of Tectonic Failure Modes
	Shreedharan S.; Bolton D.C.; Rivière J.; Marone C.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0094-8276
卷号	47 期号:8
英文摘要	Tectonic faults fail in a continuum of modes from slow earthquakes to elastodynamic rupture. Precursory variations in elastic wavespeed and amplitude, interpreted as indicators of imminent failure, have been observed in limited natural settings and lab experiments where they are thought to arise from contact rejuvenation and microcracking within and around the fault zone. However, the physical mechanisms and connections to fault creep are poorly understood. Here we vary loading stiffness during frictional shear to generate a range of slip modes and measure fault zone properties using transmitted elastic waves. We find that elastic wave amplitudes show clear changes before fault failure. The temporal onset of amplitude reduction scales with lab earthquake magnitude and the magnitude of this reduction varies with fault slip. Our data provide clear evidence of precursors to lab earthquakes and suggest that continuous seismic monitoring could be useful for assessing fault state and seismic hazard potential. © 2020 The Authors. Geophysical Research Letters published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Geophysical Union
英文关键词	Creep; Earthquakes; Elastic waves; Laboratories; Shear flow; Earthquake magnitudes; Fault creep; Frictional shear; Physical mechanism; Seismic hazards; Seismic monitoring; Tectonic faults; Wave amplitudes; Fault slips; amplitude; cracking (fracture); dislocation creep; earthquake magnitude; earthquake rupture; elastic wave; elastodynamics; failure mechanism; fault slip; fault zone; seismic hazard; stiffness; tectonic setting
语种	英语
来源期刊	Geophysical Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/170446
作者单位	Department of Geosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States; Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Shreedharan S.,Bolton D.C.,Rivière J.,et al. Preseismic Fault Creep and Elastic Wave Amplitude Precursors Scale With Lab Earthquake Magnitude for the Continuum of Tectonic Failure Modes[J],2020,47(8).
APA	Shreedharan S.,Bolton D.C.,Rivière J.,&Marone C..(2020).Preseismic Fault Creep and Elastic Wave Amplitude Precursors Scale With Lab Earthquake Magnitude for the Continuum of Tectonic Failure Modes.Geophysical Research Letters,47(8).
MLA	Shreedharan S.,et al."Preseismic Fault Creep and Elastic Wave Amplitude Precursors Scale With Lab Earthquake Magnitude for the Continuum of Tectonic Failure Modes".Geophysical Research Letters 47.8(2020).