气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Host Rock Variability Powers the Diversity of Steam-Driven Eruptions

CCPortal

DOI	10.1029/2020GL089025
	Host Rock Variability Powers the Diversity of Steam-Driven Eruptions
	Montanaro C.; Cronin S.J.; Scheu B.; Kennedy B.; Scott B.J.; Dingwell D.B.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0094-8276
卷号	48 期号:1
英文摘要	Steam-driven eruptions are explosive events that are fueled by pressurized water and steam trapped within rock and sediments. We show how rock properties modulate explosion size, dynamics, and hazard footprint based on examples from Lake Okaro (New Zealand). Laboratory decompression experiments demonstrate that fragmentation of strong/unaltered host rocks comes with a high energy cost (∼10%–11% of bulk explosion energy). Consequently a low energy fraction (∼7%–8%) remains for kinetic energy and thus particle ejection. In contrast, disaggregation of unconsolidated sediments requires little energy (<2%–7%), allowing higher outputs of kinetic energy (22%–25%), and more efficient debris dispersion. Experimental estimates of bulk explosive energies are consistent with both field observations and empirical models applied to Lake Okaro crater dimensions. This integration of experimental methods, field observations, and empirical modeling underscores the dominant role of alteration state and host rock lithology when estimating crater-forming and ballistic hazards in volcanic/geothermal areas. © 2020. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
英文关键词	Explosives; Hazards; Kinetic energy; Kinetics; Lakes; Lithology; Decompression experiments; Experimental methods; Explosive energy; Field observations; High-energy costs; Particle ejection; Pressurized water; Unconsolidated sediment; Rocks
语种	英语
来源期刊	Geophysical Research Letters
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/169234
作者单位	Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany; School of Environment, University of Auckland, Science Centre, Auckland Central, New Zealand; School of Earth and Environment, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; GNS Science, Wairakei, New Zealand
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Montanaro C.,Cronin S.J.,Scheu B.,et al. Host Rock Variability Powers the Diversity of Steam-Driven Eruptions[J],2021,48(1).
APA	Montanaro C.,Cronin S.J.,Scheu B.,Kennedy B.,Scott B.J.,&Dingwell D.B..(2021).Host Rock Variability Powers the Diversity of Steam-Driven Eruptions.Geophysical Research Letters,48(1).
MLA	Montanaro C.,et al."Host Rock Variability Powers the Diversity of Steam-Driven Eruptions".Geophysical Research Letters 48.1(2021).