气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Online characterization of a large but overlooked human excreta source of ammonia in China's urban atmosphere

CCPortal

DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117459
	Online characterization of a large but overlooked human excreta source of ammonia in China's urban atmosphere
	Shao S.-C.; Zhang Y.-L.; Chang Y.-H.; Cao F.; Lin Y.-C.; Mozaffar A.; Hong Y.-H.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1352-2310
卷号	230
英文摘要	In urban China, human excreta are mostly stored in septic tanks beneath various buildings, and the generated NH3 are emitted to the atmosphere through ceiling ducts on rooftops. Here we performed highly time-resolved measurements of NH3 concentrations and auxiliary parameters in the ceiling duct of a typical building complex during different seasons with varying temperature and population, allowing an in-depth investigation of the driving forces in terms of governing NH3 emissions. Extremely high levels of NH3 concentration (1013 ± 793 μg m−3) were observed throughout the campaign. Seasonally, the NH3 concentration during summer vacation (1377 ± 1072 μg m−3) was significantly higher than during school time in fall (796 ± 432 μg m−3) and winter (661 ± 267 μg m−3). Moreover, the diurnal variation of NH3 during summertime was highly correlated with temperature (R2 = 0.95, p < 0.01), while it was not the case for school time with dense population (R2 = 0.47, p < 0.01, R2 = 0.57, p < 0.01 in fall, winter, respectively). The highest temperature was 35.9 °C, with an emission intensity peak of 4.1 mg s−1 while the lowest temperature was 1.3 °C with an emission intensity of 0.8 mg s−1. The nitrogen stable isotopic composition of NH3(δ15N–NH3) may be a useful tool to trace NH3 sources. Here we report the δ15N–NH3 measured from ceiling duct collected directly, which constrains human excreta source δ15N–NH3 values (meanminmax) ‰ to −35.6‰−39.8‰−31.9‰. These results support that temperature is the key factor in controlling NH3 emissions from human excreta and demonstrate the importance of using human excreta emitted δ15N–NH3 to quantify excreta NH3 contribution in urban atmospheres. Our findings highlight opportunities to limit NH3 emissions from human excreta that will bring co-benefits to the air quality and human health in urban China. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
英文关键词	Air quality; Atmospheric temperature; Ceilings; Ducts; Auxiliary parameters; Building complexes; Emission intensity; Highest temperature; On-line characterization; Stable isotopic compositions; Time resolved measurement; Varying temperature; Ammonia; ammonia; nitrogen 15; air quality; air temperature; ammonia; anthropogenic source; building; concentration (composition); diurnal variation; excretion; Internet; isotopic composition; nitrogen; stable isotope; summer; urban area; urban atmosphere; air pollution; air quality; Article; atmosphere; autumn; body fluids and secretions; chemical composition; China; circadian rhythm; concentration (parameter); environmental temperature; human; leisure; meteorology; online analysis; population density; priority journal; seasonal variation; summer; urban area; winter; China
语种	英语
来源期刊	Atmospheric Environment
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/169125
作者单位	Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment, International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change (ILCEC), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education (KLME)/ Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Shao S.-C.,Zhang Y.-L.,Chang Y.-H.,et al. Online characterization of a large but overlooked human excreta source of ammonia in China's urban atmosphere[J],2020,230.
APA	Shao S.-C..,Zhang Y.-L..,Chang Y.-H..,Cao F..,Lin Y.-C..,...&Hong Y.-H..(2020).Online characterization of a large but overlooked human excreta source of ammonia in China's urban atmosphere.Atmospheric Environment,230.
MLA	Shao S.-C.,et al."Online characterization of a large but overlooked human excreta source of ammonia in China's urban atmosphere".Atmospheric Environment 230(2020).