气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The impact of weather patterns and related transport processes on aviation's contribution to ozone and methane concentrations from NOxemissions

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DOI	10.5194/acp-20-12347-2020
	The impact of weather patterns and related transport processes on aviation's contribution to ozone and methane concentrations from NOxemissions
	Rosanka S.; Frömming C.; Grewe V.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1680-7316
起始页码	12347
结束页码	12361
卷号	20 期号:20
英文摘要	Aviation-attributed climate impact depends on a combination of composition changes in trace gases due to emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and non-CO2 species. Nitrogen oxides (NOx D NO C NO2) emissions induce an increase in ozone (O3) and a depletion of methane (CH4), leading to a climate warming and a cooling, respectively. In contrast to CO2, non-CO2 contributions to the atmospheric composition are short lived and are thus characterised by a high spatial and temporal variability. In this study, we investigate the influence of weather patterns and their related transport processes on composition changes caused by aviationattributed NOx emissions. This is achieved by using the atmospheric chemistry model EMAC (ECHAM/MESSy). Representative weather situations were simulated in which unit NOx emissions are initialised in specific air parcels at typical flight altitudes over the North Atlantic flight sector. By explicitly calculating contributions to the O3 and CH4 concentrations induced by these emissions, interactions between trace gas composition changes and weather conditions along the trajectory of each air parcel are investigated. Previous studies showed a clear correlation between the prevailing weather situation at the time when the NOx emission occurs and the climate impact of the NOx emission. Here, we show that the aviation NOx contribution to ozone is characterised by the time and magnitude of its maximum and demonstrate that a high O3 maximum is only possible if the maximum occurs early after the emission. Early maxima occur only if the air parcel, in which the NOx emission occurred, is transported to lower altitudes, where the chemical activity is high. This downward transport is caused by subsidence in highpressure systems. A high ozone magnitude only occurs if the air parcel is transported downward into a region in which the ozone production is efficient. This efficiency is limited by atmospheric NOx and HOx concentrations during summer and winter, respectively. We show that a large CH4 depletion is only possible if a strong formation of O3 occurs due to the NOx emission and if high atmospheric H2O concentrations are present along the air parcel's trajectory. Only air parcels, which are transported into tropical areas due to highpressure systems, experience high concentrations of H2O and thus a large CH4 depletion. Avoiding climate-sensitive areas by rerouting aircraft flight tracks is currently computationally not feasible due to the long chemical simulations needed. The findings of this study form a basis of a better understanding of NOx climate-sensitive areas and through this will allow us to propose an alternative approach to estimate aviation's climate impact on a day-to-day basis, based on computationally cheaper meteorological simulations without computationally expensive chemistry. This comprises a step towards a climate impact assessment of individual flights, here with the contribution of aviation NOx emissions to climate change, ultimately enabling routings with a lower climate impact by avoiding climate-sensitive regions. © 2020 Author(s).
英文关键词	air transportation; atmospheric chemistry; atmospheric transport; climate change; concentration (composition); methane; nitrogen oxides; ozone; traffic emission; weather; Atlantic Ocean; Atlantic Ocean (North)
语种	英语
来源期刊	Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/168960
作者单位	Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Section Aircraft Noise Climate Effects, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands; Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany; Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-8: Troposphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Rosanka S.,Frömming C.,Grewe V.. The impact of weather patterns and related transport processes on aviation's contribution to ozone and methane concentrations from NOxemissions[J],2020,20(20).
APA	Rosanka S.,Frömming C.,&Grewe V..(2020).The impact of weather patterns and related transport processes on aviation's contribution to ozone and methane concentrations from NOxemissions.Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,20(20).
MLA	Rosanka S.,et al."The impact of weather patterns and related transport processes on aviation's contribution to ozone and methane concentrations from NOxemissions".Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20.20(2020).