气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Air-quality-related health damages of maize

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DOI	10.1038/s41893-019-0261-y
	Air-quality-related health damages of maize
	Hill J.; Goodkind A.; Tessum C.; Thakrar S.; Tilman D.; Polasky S.; Smith T.; Hunt N.; Mullins K.; Clark M.; Marshall J.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	2398-9629
起始页码	397
结束页码	403
卷号	2 期号:5
英文摘要	Agriculture is essential for feeding the large and growing world population, but it can also generate pollution that harms ecosystems and human health. Here, we explore the human health effects of air pollution caused by the production of maize—a key agricultural crop that is used for animal feed, ethanol biofuel and human consumption. We use county-level data on agricultural practices and productivity to develop a spatially explicit life-cycle-emissions inventory for maize. From this inventory, we estimate health damages, accounting for atmospheric pollution transport and chemistry, and human exposure to pollution at high spatial resolution. We show that reduced air quality resulting from maize production is associated with 4,300 premature deaths annually in the United States, with estimated damages in monetary terms of US$39 billion (range: US$14–64 billion). Increased concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are driven by emissions of ammonia—a PM2.5 precursor—that result from nitrogen fertilizer use. Average health damages from reduced air quality are equivalent to US$121 t−1 of harvested maize grain, which is 62% of the US$195 t−1 decadal average maize grain market price. We also estimate life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions of maize production, finding total climate change damages of US$4.9 billion (range: US$1.5–7.5 billion), or US$15 t−1 of maize. Our results suggest potential benefits from strategic interventions in maize production, including changing the fertilizer type and application method, improving nitrogen use efficiency, switching to crops requiring less fertilizer, and geographically recating production. © 2019, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Air quality; Ammonia; Atmospheric chemistry; Atmospheric movements; Climate change; Crops; Gas emissions; Grain (agricultural product); Greenhouse gases; Health; Nitrogen fertilizers; Agricultural practices; Atmospheric pollution; Fine particulate matter (PM2.5); High spatial resolution; Human health effects; Life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions; Nitrogen-use efficiency; Strategic interventions; Life cycle
来源期刊	Nature Sustainability
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/163243
作者单位	Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States; Department of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, United States; Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States; Oxford Martin Programme on the Future of Food, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hill J.,Goodkind A.,Tessum C.,et al. Air-quality-related health damages of maize[J],2019,2(5).
APA	Hill J..,Goodkind A..,Tessum C..,Thakrar S..,Tilman D..,...&Marshall J..(2019).Air-quality-related health damages of maize.Nature Sustainability,2(5).
MLA	Hill J.,et al."Air-quality-related health damages of maize".Nature Sustainability 2.5(2019).