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DOI	10.1039/d0ee00341g
	The relative insignificance of advanced materials in enhancing the energy efficiency of desalination technologies
	Patel S.K.; Patel S.K.; Ritt C.L.; Deshmukh A.; Wang Z.; Qin M.; Qin M.; Epsztein R.; Elimelech M.; Elimelech M.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1754-5692
起始页码	1694
结束页码	1710
卷号	13 期号:6
英文摘要	As the threat of global water scarcity continues to grow, a myriad of scientific effort is directed towards advancing water desalination technologies. Reverse osmosis (RO), solar thermal desalination (STD), and capacitive deionization (CDI), have dominated recent pressure-, thermal-, and electro-driven desalination research efforts, respectively. Despite being based on distinctive driving forces and separation mechanisms, research of these three processes has primarily shared the same fundamental goal and approach: the minimization of energy consumption for desalination through the development of novel materials. A variety of materials have been studied and proposed to enhance RO membrane permeability, STD solar absorptivity, and CDI electrode capacitance. Here, we critically discuss the advanced materials investigated and assess their efficacy in augmenting the energy efficiency of desalination. Through our systematic analysis, we show that materials have relatively insignificant impact on further increasing energy efficiency, regardless of the process applied. We provide insights into the inherent limitations of advanced materials for improving the energy efficiency of each of the evaluated technologies and propose more effective materials-based research directions. We conclude by highlighting the opportunity for considerable improvement in energy efficiency via system design, reinforcing the critical need for a paradigm shift in desalination research. © The Royal Society of Chemistry.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Desalination; Energy utilization; Reverse osmosis; Water filtration; Capacitive deionization; Desalination technologies; Effective materials; Electrode capacitance; Inherent limitations; Separation mechanism; Solar absorptivity; Systematic analysis; Energy efficiency
来源期刊	Energy and Environmental Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/162715
作者单位	Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, P.O. Box 208268, New Haven, CT 06520, United States; Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment (NEWT), Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Patel S.K.,Patel S.K.,Ritt C.L.,et al. The relative insignificance of advanced materials in enhancing the energy efficiency of desalination technologies[J],2020,13(6).
APA	Patel S.K..,Patel S.K..,Ritt C.L..,Deshmukh A..,Wang Z..,...&Elimelech M..(2020).The relative insignificance of advanced materials in enhancing the energy efficiency of desalination technologies.Energy and Environmental Science,13(6).
MLA	Patel S.K.,et al."The relative insignificance of advanced materials in enhancing the energy efficiency of desalination technologies".Energy and Environmental Science 13.6(2020).