气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): A versatile and membrane-less electrochemical reactor for the electrolysis of water and brine

CCPortal

DOI	10.1039/c9ee00219g
	A versatile and membrane-less electrochemical reactor for the electrolysis of water and brine
	Hashemi S.M.H.; Karnakov P.; Hadikhani P.; Chinello E.; Litvinov S.; Moser C.; Koumoutsakos P.; Psaltis D.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	1754-5692
起始页码	1592
结束页码	1604
卷号	12 期号:5
英文摘要	Renewables challenge the management of energy supply and demand due to their intermittency. A promising solution is the direct conversion of the excess electrical energy into valuable chemicals in electrochemical reactors that are inexpensive, scalable, and compatible with irregular availability of electrical power. Membrane-less electrolyzers, deployed on a microfluidic platform, were recently shown to hold great promise for efficient electrolysis and cost-effective operation. The elimination of the membrane increases the reactor lifetime, reduces fabrication costs, and enables the deployment of liquid electrolytes with ionic conductivities that surpass those allowed by solid membranes. Here, we demonstrate a membrane-less architecture that enables unprecedented throughput by 3D printing a device that combines components such as the flow plates and the fluidic ports in a monolithic part, while at the same time, providing tight tolerances and smooth surfaces for precise flow conditioning. We show that inertial fluidic forces are effective even in millifluidic regimes and, therefore, are utilized to control the two-phase flows inside the device and prevent cross-contamination of the products. Simulations provide insight on governing fluid dynamics of coalescing bubbles and their rapid jumps away from the electrodes and help identify three key mechanisms for their fast and intriguing return towards the electrodes. Experiments and simulations are used to demonstrate the efficiency of the inertial separation mechanism in millichannels and at higher flow rates than in microchannels. We analyze the performance of the present device for two reactions: water splitting and the chlor-alkali process, and find product purities of more than 99% and Faradaic efficiencies of more than 90%. The present membrane-less reactor-containing more efficient catalysts-provides close to 40 times higher throughput than its microfluidic counterpart and paves the way for realization of cost-effective and scalable electrochemical stacks that meet the performance and price targets of the renewable energy sector. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	3D printers; Contamination; Cost effectiveness; Electrodes; Electrolysis; Energy policy; Flocculation; Ionic conduction in solids; Membranes; Microfluidics; Renewable energy resources; Chlor-alkali process; Efficient electrolysis; Electrochemical reactor; Electrolysis of waters; Faradaic efficiencies; Microfluidic platforms; Renewable energy sector; Separation mechanism; Two phase flow; alternative energy; brine; catalysis; catalyst; efficiency measurement; electrical power; electricity supply; electrochemical method; electrokinesis; equipment; experimental study; membrane; performance assessment; simulation
来源期刊	Energy and Environmental Science
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/162492
作者单位	Laboratory of Optics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Computational Science and Engineering Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Laboratory of Applied Photonic Devices, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hashemi S.M.H.,Karnakov P.,Hadikhani P.,et al. A versatile and membrane-less electrochemical reactor for the electrolysis of water and brine[J],2019,12(5).
APA	Hashemi S.M.H..,Karnakov P..,Hadikhani P..,Chinello E..,Litvinov S..,...&Psaltis D..(2019).A versatile and membrane-less electrochemical reactor for the electrolysis of water and brine.Energy and Environmental Science,12(5).
MLA	Hashemi S.M.H.,et al."A versatile and membrane-less electrochemical reactor for the electrolysis of water and brine".Energy and Environmental Science 12.5(2019).