气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Classification and seasonal distribution of rain types based on surface and radar observations over a tropical coastal station

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.11.012
	Classification and seasonal distribution of rain types based on surface and radar observations over a tropical coastal station
	Sreekanth T.S.; Varikoden H.; Resmi E.A.; Mohan Kumar G.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0169-8095
起始页码	90
结束页码	98
卷号	218
英文摘要	An attempt has been made to classify stratiform and convective rain using an impact type disdrometer at a tropical coastal site based on (Testud et al., 2001) method. Using this classification scheme, all rain events were analysed and computed their duration (minutes) and accumulated water (mm) in convective, stratiform, transition and mixed rain types. For the first time, in this paper an atmospheric electric field mill was used for rain type classification. The classification results were confirmed with disdrometer, Micro Rain Radar (MRR), and atmospheric electric field mill (EFM) observations. In convective rain type, non-bright band and high electric field were correspondingly observed in MRR and EFM records. Whereas bright band and shallow electric fields were detected during stratiform rain in the above observations of instruments. Other supporting evidences were observed from disdrometer also in corresponding rain types. Seasonal variations in rain duration and associated accumulated water were investigated in the four seasons (winter, pre-monsoon, summer monsoon and post-monsoon) for different rain types. General and mixed rain events were identified depending on the presence of stratiform or convective type in them. Percentage of rain duration and events for the study period were analysed with respect to (a) mean monthly rain water availability and (b) the intensity pattern in the total rainfall encountered in each month. Among the four seasons, summer monsoon received maximum rainfall followed by post-monsoon. A bimodal variation in the rainfall with a primary peak in June and secondary peak in October was observed in the annual cycle. Rainfall was intense during the pre- and post-monsoon seasons and less intense during the summer monsoon season. Also, shorter duration rain events were repeated in summer monsoon and fewer rain events of longer duration are resulted during pre- and post-monsoon seasons. In this duration, mixed rain accounts second higher in all the seasons. It was more evident in summer monsoon and least in post-monsoon. Rainfall contribution from convective rain was dominant in all the seasons except in winter. In summer monsoon, mixed and transition rain types have contributed much water among the four seasons. In mixed and transition rain types, mixed rain contributed more in duration and transition contributed more to water. From day-night variation analysis, it was observed that there was day-high and night-low in pre-monsoon and its reversal in post-monsoon season, with almost same occurrence during the summer monsoon. In the case of number of rain events, general (mixed) events were less (more) during the summer monsoon. From statistical analyses, an increase was observed in the duration of rain events from winter to post-monsoon. About 20% of duration was aggregated by longer duration events in all the seasons except during the winter. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Convective; Day night variation; Disdrometer; Electric field mill; Micro rain radar; Rain events; Rain types; Seasonal distribution; Stratiform
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Atmospheric thermodynamics; Coastal engineering; Electric fields; Radar; Tropics; Convective; Day night variation; Disdrometers; Electric field mill; Rain events; Rain radar; Rain type; Seasonal distributions; Stratiform; Rain; coastal zone; convective system; electric field; monsoon; observational method; radar; rainfall; seasonal variation; summer
来源期刊	Atmospheric Research
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/162234
作者单位	National Centre for Earth Science Studies, Thiruvananthapuram, India; Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pashan, Pune, India
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sreekanth T.S.,Varikoden H.,Resmi E.A.,et al. Classification and seasonal distribution of rain types based on surface and radar observations over a tropical coastal station[J],2019,218.
APA	Sreekanth T.S.,Varikoden H.,Resmi E.A.,&Mohan Kumar G..(2019).Classification and seasonal distribution of rain types based on surface and radar observations over a tropical coastal station.Atmospheric Research,218.
MLA	Sreekanth T.S.,et al."Classification and seasonal distribution of rain types based on surface and radar observations over a tropical coastal station".Atmospheric Research 218(2019).