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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.105407
	Regional changes in extreme temperature records over Pakistan and their relation to Pacific variability
	Saleem F.; Zeng X.; Hina S.; Omer A.
发表日期	2021
ISSN	0169-8095
卷号	250
英文摘要	The widespread changes in extreme temperatures record are of significant importance for climate risk management. Trends and variability of extreme temperature events in the agro-ecological zones of Pakistan are not fully understood, despite their importance. This study investigates the annual and seasonal trends of temperature extremes, and the role of Pacific variability during 1980–2019. The homogeneity of 40 synoptic stations, spatially distributed over Pakistan was assessed by removing non-climatic shifts from the data. There is distinct increases (decreases) in the upper (lower) tails are noticed in a spatially aggregated perspective. The strongest warming trends of 0.35 (0.49) ∘C decade−1 for the hottest nights (days) occur during spring, which is the hottest season of the year. The significant warming (hotter) trends are apparent for the agro-ecological zones located to central, western, and southeastern-Pakistan. The principal component analysis showed a robust increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme temperatures, with a total variance of 94.7%. In the spring season, we found strong connections between La Niña (El Niño) events over the western Pacific Ocean and changes in extreme temperatures. Analysis reveals that the strength of La Niña episodes has a much larger influence on the intensity of extremely high-temperature events over arid to semi-arid climatic zones. This information is of great use for the seasonal prediction of extremely hot days in the region and will help policymakers to formulate climate change adaptation plans. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Ecology; Risk management; Springs (components); Agro-ecological zones; Climate change adaptation; Extreme temperature events; Extreme temperatures; High temperature events; Seasonal prediction; Synoptic station; Temperature extremes; Climate change; air temperature; climate change; El Nino; extreme event; La Nina; regional climate; Pacific Ocean; Pakistan
来源期刊	Atmospheric Research
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/162210
作者单位	International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China; State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modelling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; School of Hydrology and Water Resources, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Saleem F.,Zeng X.,Hina S.,et al. Regional changes in extreme temperature records over Pakistan and their relation to Pacific variability[J],2021,250.
APA	Saleem F.,Zeng X.,Hina S.,&Omer A..(2021).Regional changes in extreme temperature records over Pakistan and their relation to Pacific variability.Atmospheric Research,250.
MLA	Saleem F.,et al."Regional changes in extreme temperature records over Pakistan and their relation to Pacific variability".Atmospheric Research 250(2021).