气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Effect of the surface wind flow and topography on precipitating cloud systems over the Andes and associated Amazon basin: GPM observations

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.03.027
	Effect of the surface wind flow and topography on precipitating cloud systems over the Andes and associated Amazon basin: GPM observations
	Kumar S.; Silva-Vidal Y.; Moya-Álvarez A.S.; Martínez-Castro D.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0169-8095
起始页码	193
结束页码	208
卷号	225
英文摘要	The characteristics of the precipitation under the influence of topography and surface wind flow is investigated over South America. Here the precipitating cloud systems (PCSs) are identified using the Global Precipitation Measurement Precipitation Radar (GPM-PR) data, which provides the three dimensional radar reflectivity factor (Ze), rain rate, drop size and droplet concentration. For each PCSs the surface wind properties are estimated using European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast Interim data. Based on the direction of surface flow the PCSs are classified into five categories. Over the South America the near surface wind flow transports the moisture from Amazon basin to east flank of Andes and validated here. The directional surface flow decides the occurrences of the PCSs, as upslope consists of the higher and larger PCSs at the peak of Andes compared to downslope flow. The directional flow suggests that northern Andes consists of pronounced bright band characteristics compared to southern Andes, and upslope and easterly flow have higher probability of rain at the eastern slope of Andes compared to westerly and downslope flow in northern Andes. The results show that orography also modulates the precipitation characteristics under different directional flow over and near the Andes. Eastern slope of Andes has higher rain rate compared to western slope of Andes in most of the directional flow. Orographically forced moisture loaded flow, over the eastern slope of Andes causing the higher rain rate, drop radius and droplet concentration in northern Andes. At the low lands, effective drop radius and droplet concentration show the opposite characteristics, and effective drop radius (concentration) is least (highest) except for the downslope flow over the northern Andes. The results of DSD parameters along with rainfall intensity show the microphysical evolution of the precipitation under the complex orography over the Andes mountain. The present study suggests that in future, surface flow must be considered for studying the orographic precipitation in numerical modeling. © 2019
英文关键词	Andes; DSD parameters; ERA surface wind; GPM; Orography; Precipitation radar; Radar reflectivity factor
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Drops; Moisture; Radar; Radar measurement; Reflection; Topography; Weather forecasting; Andes; DSD parameters; Orography; Precipitation radar; Radar reflectivity factor; Surface winds; Rain; concentration (composition); droplet; numerical model; orography; precipitation assessment; precipitation intensity; surface wind; topography; Amazon Basin; Andes
来源期刊	Atmospheric Research
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/162125
作者单位	Institute of Geophysics, Lima, Peru
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kumar S.,Silva-Vidal Y.,Moya-Álvarez A.S.,et al. Effect of the surface wind flow and topography on precipitating cloud systems over the Andes and associated Amazon basin: GPM observations[J],2019,225.
APA	Kumar S.,Silva-Vidal Y.,Moya-Álvarez A.S.,&Martínez-Castro D..(2019).Effect of the surface wind flow and topography on precipitating cloud systems over the Andes and associated Amazon basin: GPM observations.Atmospheric Research,225.
MLA	Kumar S.,et al."Effect of the surface wind flow and topography on precipitating cloud systems over the Andes and associated Amazon basin: GPM observations".Atmospheric Research 225(2019).