气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Rainfall enhancement in Karnataka state cloud seeding program “Varshadhare” 2017

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DOI	10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.12.020
	Rainfall enhancement in Karnataka state cloud seeding program “Varshadhare” 2017
	Kulkarni J.R.; Morwal S.B.; Deshpande N.R.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0169-8095
起始页码	65
结束页码	76
卷号	219
英文摘要	Operational cloud seeding program was conducted in the Karnataka State, India during 21 August to 7 November 2017 with robust, pre-established experimental design plan following the guidelines developed under Indian national CAIPEEX program. Hygroscopic and glaciogenic seeding were carried out using areal method. A very high resolution raingauge network (spatial resolution: 5 km, temporal resolution: 15 min) was used to measure the surface rainfall. Two approaches have been used for estimating the enhancement: (i) Rainfalls within 4-h after seeding was compared at station levels with the rainfalls prior to seeding. The analysis of 618 cases showed average enhancement of 27.9% above the natural rainfall. (ii) The floating control-target area rainfall analysis was used to estimate the natural rainfall that would have occurred without seeding. For understanding maximum absolute increase in the rainfall, 7 cases in the top 5% which were well distributed within seeding period (with 4 hygroscopic and 3 glaciogenic cases) have been analyzed. The maximum increase in rainfalls in hygroscopic/glaciogenic cases were 20.8/28.1 mm which are ~5/7 times higher than the mean daily rainfall (4.3 mm) during September–October. Additional water made available due to seeding has been estimated to be 2.1 TMC. The study showed that seeding became effective in increasing rainfall under the particular dynamic and thermodynamical conditions. This is a unique study to estimate the effect of operational cloud seeding in (i) enhancement of precipitation and (ii) availability of additional water. The results of the study may find basis for the operational programs in the world. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.
英文关键词	Additional water generated; Control-target area analysis; Enhancement of rainfall; High resolution surface rainfall data; Karnataka Cloud Seeding Program 2017
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Rain; Additional water generated; Control target; Glaciogenic seeding; Karnataka; Operational projects; Rainfall data; Temporal resolution; Very high resolution; Cloud seeding; cloud seeding; experimental design; guideline; hygroscopicity; precipitation assessment; rainfall; raingauge; India; Karnataka
来源期刊	Atmospheric Research
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/162123
作者单位	Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, N.C.L. Post Office, Pune, Maharashtra, India
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Kulkarni J.R.,Morwal S.B.,Deshpande N.R.. Rainfall enhancement in Karnataka state cloud seeding program “Varshadhare” 2017[J],2019,219.
APA	Kulkarni J.R.,Morwal S.B.,&Deshpande N.R..(2019).Rainfall enhancement in Karnataka state cloud seeding program “Varshadhare” 2017.Atmospheric Research,219.
MLA	Kulkarni J.R.,et al."Rainfall enhancement in Karnataka state cloud seeding program “Varshadhare” 2017".Atmospheric Research 219(2019).