气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Smallholder farmers and contract farming in developing countries

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.1909501116
	Smallholder farmers and contract farming in developing countries
	Meemken E.-M.; Bellemare M.F.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	259
结束页码	264
卷号	117 期号:1
英文摘要	Poverty is prevalent in the small-farm sector of many developing countries. A large literature suggests that contract farming—a preharvest agreement between farmers and buyers—can facilitate smallholder market participation, improve household welfare, and promote rural development. These findings have influenced the development policy debate, but the external validity of the extant evidence is limited. Available studies typically focus on a single contract scheme or on a small geographical area in one country. We generate evidence that is generalizable beyond a particular contract scheme, crop, or country, using nationally representative survey data from 6 countries. We focus on the implications of contract farming for household income and labor demand, finding that contract farmers obtain higher incomes than their counterparts without contracts only in some countries. Contract farmers in most countries exhibit increased demand for hired labor, which suggests that contract farming stimulates employment, yet we do not find evidence of spillover effects at the community level. Our results challenge the notion that contract farming unambiguously improves welfare. We discuss why our results may diverge from previous findings and propose research designs that yield greater internal and external validity. Implications for policy and research are relevant beyond contract farming. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Contract farming; External validity; Outgrower schemes; Smallholder farmers
语种	英语
scopus关键词	agricultural worker; article; developing country; employment; external validity; household income; human; welfare
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/161100
作者单位	Meemken, E.-M., CH Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, United States, Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States; Bellemare, M.F., Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Meemken E.-M.,Bellemare M.F.. Smallholder farmers and contract farming in developing countries[J],2020,117(1).
APA	Meemken E.-M.,&Bellemare M.F..(2020).Smallholder farmers and contract farming in developing countries.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(1).
MLA	Meemken E.-M.,et al."Smallholder farmers and contract farming in developing countries".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.1(2020).