气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.1916828117
	Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere
	Koenig T.K.; Baidar S.; Campuzano-Jost P.; Cuevas C.A.; Dix B.; Fernandez R.P.; Guo H.; Hall S.R.; Kinnison D.; Nault B.A.; Ullmann K.; Jimenez J.L.; Saiz-Lopez A.; Volkamer R.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	1860
结束页码	1866
卷号	117 期号:4
英文摘要	Oceanic emissions of iodine destroy ozone, modify oxidative capacity, and can form new particles in the troposphere. However, the impact of iodine in the stratosphere is highly uncertain due to the lack of previous quantitative measurements. Here, we report quantitative measurements of iodine monoxide radicals and particulate iodine (Iy,part) from aircraft in the stratosphere. These measurements support that 0.77 ± 0.10 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) total inorganic iodine (Iy) is injected to the stratosphere. These high Iy amounts are indicative of active iodine recycling on ice in the upper troposphere (UT), support the upper end of recent Iy estimates (0 to 0.8 pptv) by the World Meteorological Organization, and are incompatible with zero stratospheric iodine injection. Gasphase iodine (Iy,gas) in the UT (0.67 ± 0.09 pptv) converts to Iy,part sharply near the tropopause. In the stratosphere, IO radicals remain detectable (0.06 ± 0.03 pptv), indicating persistent Iy,part recycling back to Iy,gas as a result of active multiphase chemistry. At the observed levels, iodine is responsible for 32% of the halogen-induced ozone loss (bromine 40%, chlorine 28%), due primarily to previously unconsidered heterogeneous chemistry. Anthropogenic (pollution) ozone has increased iodine emissions since preindustrial times (ca. factor of 3 since 1950) and could be partly responsible for the continued decrease of ozone in the lower stratosphere. Increasing iodine emissions have implications for ozone radiative forcing and possibly new particle formation near the tropopause. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Gas phase; Heterogeneous chemistry; Iodine; Stratospheric ozone; UTLS
语种	英语
scopus关键词	bromine; chlorine; iodate; iodine; ozone; free radical; iodine; ozone; Article; atmosphere; cold; controlled study; measurement; oxidation; pollution; priority journal; recycling; solubility; stratosphere; temperature dependence; tropopause; air; air pollutant; aircraft; chemistry; human; Air Movements; Air Pollutants; Aircraft; Atmosphere; Free Radicals; Humans; Iodine; Ozone
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/161076
作者单位	Koenig, T.K., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Baidar, S., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Chemical Sciences Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, United States; Campuzano-Jost, P., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Cuevas, C.A., Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, Spanish National Research Council, Madrid, 28006, Spain; Dix, B., Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, United States, Cooperative Institute for Rese...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Koenig T.K.,Baidar S.,Campuzano-Jost P.,et al. Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere[J],2020,117(4).
APA	Koenig T.K..,Baidar S..,Campuzano-Jost P..,Cuevas C.A..,Dix B..,...&Volkamer R..(2020).Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(4).
MLA	Koenig T.K.,et al."Quantitative detection of iodine in the stratosphere".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.4(2020).