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DOI	10.1073/pnas.1915660117
	The surface tension of surfactant-containing; finite volume droplets
	Bzdek B.R.; Reid J.P.; Malila J.; Prisle N.L.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	8335
结束页码	8343
卷号	117 期号:15
英文摘要	Surface tension influences the fraction of atmospheric particles that become cloud droplets. Although surfactants are an important component of aerosol mass, the surface tension of activating aerosol particles is still unresolved, with most climate models assuming activating particles have a surface tension equal to that of water. By studying picoliter droplet coalescence, we demonstrate that surfactants can significantly reduce the surface tension of finite-sized droplets below the value for water, consistent with recent field measurements. Significantly, this surface tension reduction is droplet size-dependent and does not correspond exactly to the macroscopic solution value. A fully independent monolayer partitioning model confirms the observed finite-size-dependent surface tension arises from the high surface-to-volume ratio in finite-sized droplets and enables predictions of aerosol hygroscopic growth. This model, constrained by the laboratory measurements, is consistent with a reduction in critical supersaturation for activation, potentially substantially increasing cloud droplet number concentration and modifying radiative cooling relative to current estimates assuming a water surface tension. The results highlight the need for improved constraints on the identities, properties, and concentrations of atmospheric aerosol surfactants in multiple environments and are broadly applicable to any discipline where finite volume effects are operative, such as studies of the competition between reaction rates within the bulk and at the surface of confined volumes and explorations of the influence of surfactants on dried particle morphology from spray driers. © This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).
英文关键词	Aerosol; Cloud condensation nuclei; Cloud droplet number concentration; Surface tension; Surfactant
语种	英语
scopus关键词	surfactant; water; aerosol; Article; atmosphere; chemical reaction; concentration (parameter); cooling; laboratory test; measurement; morphology; physical chemistry; physical model; prediction; priority journal; spray drying; surface tension; wettability
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160992
作者单位	Bzdek, B.R., School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom; Reid, J.P., School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, United Kingdom; Malila, J., Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90014, Finland; Prisle, N.L., Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, 90014, Finland
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Bzdek B.R.,Reid J.P.,Malila J.,et al. The surface tension of surfactant-containing; finite volume droplets[J],2020,117(15).
APA	Bzdek B.R.,Reid J.P.,Malila J.,&Prisle N.L..(2020).The surface tension of surfactant-containing; finite volume droplets.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(15).
MLA	Bzdek B.R.,et al."The surface tension of surfactant-containing; finite volume droplets".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.15(2020).