气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): The ecology of human

CCPortal

DOI	10.1073/pnas.1922097117
	The ecology of human–carnivore coexistence
	Lamb C.T.; Ford A.T.; McLellan B.N.; Proctor M.F.; Mowat G.; Ciarniello L.; Nielsen S.E.; Boutin S.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	17876
结束页码	17883
卷号	117 期号:30
英文摘要	With a shrinking supply of wilderness and growing recognition that top predators can have a profound influence on ecosystems, the persistence of large carnivores in human-dominated landscapes has emerged as one of the greatest conservation challenges of our time. Carnivores fascinate society, yet these animals pose threats to people living near them, resulting in high rates of carnivore death near human settlements. We used 41 y of demographic data for more than 2,500 brown bears—one of the world’s most widely distributed and conflict-prone carnivores—to understand the behavioral and demographic mechanisms promoting carnivore coexistence in human-dominated landscapes. Bear mortality was high and unsustainable near people, but a human-induced shift to nocturnality facilitated lower risks of bear mortality and rates of conflict with people. Despite these behavioral shifts, projected population growth rates for bears in human-dominated areas revealed a source-sink dynamic. Despite some female bears successfully reproducing in the sink areas, bear persistence was reliant on a supply of immigrants from areas with minimal human influence (i.e., wilderness). Such mechanisms of coexistence reveal a striking paradox: Connectivity to wilderness areas supplies bears that likely will die from people, but these bears are essential to avert local extirpation. These insights suggest carnivores contribute to human–carnivore coexistence through behavioral and demographic mechanisms, and that connected wilderness is critical to sustain coexistence landscapes. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Coadaptation; Demography; Grizzly bear; Source-sink; Wilderness
语种	英语
scopus关键词	adult; article; brown bear; carnivore; demography; ecology; female; growth rate; human; immigrant; mortality; nonhuman; population growth estimation; wilderness; animal; bear; Carnivora; ecosystem; genetics; theoretical model; Animals; Carnivora; Ecology; Ecosystem; Humans; Models, Theoretical; Ursidae
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160877
作者单位	Lamb, C.T., University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences, Edmonton, AB T63 2RG, Canada, University of British Columbia, Department of Biology, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; Ford, A.T., University of British Columbia, Department of Biology, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; McLellan, B.N., International Union for the Conservation of Nature Bear Specialist Group, D’Arcy, BC V0N 1L0, Canada; Proctor, M.F., International Union for the Conservation of Nature Bear Specialist Group, Kaslo, BC V0G 1M0, Canada; Mowat, G., Ministry of Forests, Lands, and Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development, Nelson, BC V1L 4K3, Canada, University of British Columbia, Department of Earth, Environmental and Geographic Sciences, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; Ciarniello, L., International Union for the Conservation of Nature Human–Bear Conflicts Expert Team, Campbell River, BC V9H 1N3, Canada; Nielsen, S.E., University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences, Edmonton, AB T63 2RG, Canada; Boutin, S., Un...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lamb C.T.,Ford A.T.,McLellan B.N.,等. The ecology of human–carnivore coexistence[J],2020,117(30).
APA	Lamb C.T..,Ford A.T..,McLellan B.N..,Proctor M.F..,Mowat G..,...&Boutin S..(2020).The ecology of human–carnivore coexistence.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(30).
MLA	Lamb C.T.,et al."The ecology of human–carnivore coexistence".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.30(2020).