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DOI	10.1073/pnas.1922502117
	The hemispheric contrast in cloud microphysical properties constrains aerosol forcing
	McCoy I.L.; McCoy D.T.; Wood R.; Regayre L.; Watson-Parris D.; Grosvenor D.P.; Mulcahy J.P.; Hu Y.; Bender F.A.M.; Field P.R.; Carslaw K.S.; Gordon H.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	18998
结束页码	19006
卷号	117 期号:32
英文摘要	The change in planetary albedo due to aerosol-cloud interactions during the industrial era is the leading source of uncertainty in inferring Earth s climate sensitivity to increased greenhouse gases from the historical record. The variable that controls aerosol-cloud interactions in warm clouds is droplet number concentration. Global climate models demonstrate that the present-day hemispheric contrast in cloud droplet number concentration between the pristine Southern Hemisphere and the polluted Northern Hemisphere oceans can be used as a proxy for anthropogenically driven change in cloud droplet number concentration. Remotely sensed estimates constrain this change in droplet number concentration to be between 8 cm-3 and 24 cm-3. By extension, the radiative forcing since 1850 from aerosol-cloud interactions is constrained to be -1.2 W m-2 to -0.6 W m-2. The robustness of this constraint depends upon the assumption that pristine Southern Ocean droplet number concentration is a suitable proxy for preindustrial concentrations. Droplet number concentrations calculated from satellite data over the Southern Ocean are high in austral summer. Near Antarctica, they reach values typical of Northern Hemisphere polluted outflows. These concentrations are found to agree with several in situ datasets. In contrast, climate models show systematic underpredictions of cloud droplet number concentration across the Southern Ocean. Near Antarctica, where precipitation sinks of aerosol are small, the underestimation by climate models is particularly large. This motivates the need for detailed process studies of aerosol production and aerosol-cloud interactions in pristine environments. The hemispheric difference in satellite estimated cloud droplet number concentration implies preindustrial aerosol concentrations were higher than estimated by most models. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	aerosol; Antarctica; article; climate change; concentration (parameter); global climate; greenhouse gas; Northern Hemisphere; precipitation; radiative forcing; sea; Southern Hemisphere; Southern Ocean; summer; uncertainty; concentration (parameter); radiative forcing; remote sensing; Southern Ocean
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160845
作者单位	McCoy, I.L., Atmospheric Sciences Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States; McCoy, D.T., Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; Wood, R., Atmospheric Sciences Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, United States; Regayre, L., Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; Watson-Parris, D., Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom; Grosvenor, D.P., Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science, School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom, National Center for Atmospheric Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, United Kingdom; Mulcahy, J.P., Met Office, Exeter, EX1 3PB, United Kingdom; Hu, Y., Atmospheric Composition Branch, NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681, United States; Bender, F.A...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	McCoy I.L.,McCoy D.T.,Wood R.,et al. The hemispheric contrast in cloud microphysical properties constrains aerosol forcing[J],2020,117(32).
APA	McCoy I.L..,McCoy D.T..,Wood R..,Regayre L..,Watson-Parris D..,...&Gordon H..(2020).The hemispheric contrast in cloud microphysical properties constrains aerosol forcing.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(32).
MLA	McCoy I.L.,et al."The hemispheric contrast in cloud microphysical properties constrains aerosol forcing".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.32(2020).