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DOI	10.1073/pnas.1616001114
	Spatial confinement of active microtubule networks induces large-scale rotational cytoplasmic flow
	Suzuki K.; Miyazaki M.; Takagi J.; Itabashi T.; Ishiwata S.
发表日期	2017
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	2922
结束页码	2927
卷号	114 期号:11
英文摘要	Collective behaviors of motile units through hydrodynamic interactions induce directed fluid flow on a larger length scale than individual units. In cells, active cytoskeletal systems composed of polar filaments and molecular motors drive fluid flow, a process known as cytoplasmic streaming. The motor-driven elongation of microtubule bundles generates turbulent-like flow in purified systems; however, it remains unclear whether and how microtubule bundles induce large-scale directed flow like the cytoplasmic streaming observed in cells. Here, we adopted Xenopus egg extracts as a model system of the cytoplasm and found that microtubule bundle elongation induces directed flow for which the length scale and timescale depend on the existence of geometrical constraints. At the lower activity of dynein, kinesins bundle and slide microtubules, organizing extensile microtubule bundles. In bulk extracts, the extensile bundles connected with each other and formed a random network, and vortex flows with a length scale comparable to the bundle length continually emerged and persisted for 1 min at multiple places. When the extracts were encapsulated in droplets, the extensile bundles pushed the droplet boundary. This pushing force initiated symmetry breaking of the randomly oriented bundle network, leading to bundles aligning into a rotating vortex structure. This vortex induced rotational cytoplasmic flows on the length scale and timescale that were 10-to 100-fold longer than the vortex flows emerging in bulk extracts. Our results suggest that microtubule systems use not only hydrodynamic interactions but also mechanical interactions to induce large-scale temporally stable cytoplasmic flow.
英文关键词	Active Matter; Cytoskeleton; Directed Flow; Self-Organization; Symmetry Breaking
语种	英语
scopus关键词	dynein adenosine triphosphatase; kinesin; dynein adenosine triphosphatase; kinesin; Article; cytoplasm; egg extract; enzyme activity; flow; microtubule; nonhuman; priority journal; Xenopus; animal; chemistry; confocal microscopy; cytoplasm; cytoskeleton; metabolism; microtubule; Xenopus laevis; Animals; Cytoplasm; Cytoskeleton; Dyneins; Kinesin; Microscopy, Confocal; Microtubules; Xenopus laevis
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160656
作者单位	Suzuki, K., Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan, Waseda Bioscience Research Institute in Singapore, Singapore, 138667, Singapore; Miyazaki, M., Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan, Waseda Bioscience Research Institute in Singapore, Singapore, 138667, Singapore, Quantitative Mechanobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, Shizuoka, 411-8540, Japan; Takagi, J., Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan; Itabashi, T., Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan, Waseda Bioscience Research Institute in Singapore, Singapore, 138667, Singapore; Ishiwata, S., Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Suzuki K.,Miyazaki M.,Takagi J.,et al. Spatial confinement of active microtubule networks induces large-scale rotational cytoplasmic flow[J],2017,114(11).
APA	Suzuki K.,Miyazaki M.,Takagi J.,Itabashi T.,&Ishiwata S..(2017).Spatial confinement of active microtubule networks induces large-scale rotational cytoplasmic flow.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,114(11).
MLA	Suzuki K.,et al."Spatial confinement of active microtubule networks induces large-scale rotational cytoplasmic flow".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 114.11(2017).