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DOI	10.1073/pnas.1817286116
	Direct electrochemical generation of supercooled sulfur microdroplets well below their melting temperature
	Liu N.; Zhou G.; Yang A.; Yu X.; Shi F.; Sun J.; Zhang J.; Liu B.; Wu C.-L.; Tao X.; Sun Y.; Cui Y.; Chu S.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	765
结束页码	770
卷号	116 期号:3
英文摘要	Supercooled liquid sulfur microdroplets were directly generated from polysulfide electrochemical oxidation on various metal-containing electrodes. The sulfur droplets remain liquid at 155 °C below sulfur’s melting point (T m = 115 °C), with fractional supercooling change (T m − T sc )/T m larger than 0.40. In operando light microscopy captured the rapid merging and shape relaxation of sulfur droplets, indicating their liquid nature. Micropatterned electrode and electrochemical current allow precise control of the location and size of supercooled microdroplets, respectively. Using this platform, we initiated and observed the rapid solidification of supercooled sulfur microdroplets upon crystalline sulfur touching, which confirms supercooled sulfur’s metastability at room temperature. In addition, the formation of liquid sulfur in electrochemical cell enriches lithium-sulfur-electrolyte phase diagram and potentially may create new opportunities for high-energy Li-S batteries. © 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All Rights Reserved.
英文关键词	In situ optical microscopy \|; Li-S batteries; Liquid sulfur droplets \|; Supercooled liquids \|; \| crystallization
语种	英语
scopus关键词	electrolyte; lithium; sulfide; sulfur; Article; chemical phenomena; cooling; crystal; electric current; electrochemistry; liquid; melting point; melting temperature; microscopy; oxidation; physical chemistry; priority journal; room temperature; solid state
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160385
作者单位	Liu, N., Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States, School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, United States; Zhou, G., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States; Yang, A., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States; Yu, X., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States; Shi, F., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States; Sun, J., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States; Zhang, J., Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States; Liu, B., Depart...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Liu N.,Zhou G.,Yang A.,et al. Direct electrochemical generation of supercooled sulfur microdroplets well below their melting temperature[J],2019,116(3).
APA	Liu N..,Zhou G..,Yang A..,Yu X..,Shi F..,...&Chu S..(2019).Direct electrochemical generation of supercooled sulfur microdroplets well below their melting temperature.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,116(3).
MLA	Liu N.,et al."Direct electrochemical generation of supercooled sulfur microdroplets well below their melting temperature".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116.3(2019).