气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Divergent trophic responses of sympatric penguin species to historic anthropogenic exploitation and recent climate change

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.1913093116
	Divergent trophic responses of sympatric penguin species to historic anthropogenic exploitation and recent climate change
	McMahon K.W.; Michelson C.I.; Hart T.; McCarthy M.D.; Patterson W.P.; Polito M.J.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	25721
结束页码	25727
卷号	116 期号:51
英文摘要	The Southern Ocean is in an era of significant change. Historic overharvesting of marine mammals and recent climatic warming have cascading impacts on resource availability and, in turn, ecosystem structure and function. We examined trophic responses of sympatric chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica) and gentoo (Pygoscelis papua) penguins to nearly 100 y of shared environmental change in the Antarctic Peninsula region using compound-specific stable isotope analyses of museum specimens. A century ago, gentoo penguins fed almost exclusively on low-trophic level prey, such as krill, during the peak of historic overexploitation of marine mammals, which was hypothesized to have resulted in a krill surplus. In the last 40 y, gentoo penguin trophic position has increased a full level as krill declined in response to recent climate change, increased competition from recovering marine mammal populations, and the development of a commercial krill fishery. A shifting isotopic baseline supporting gentoo penguins suggests a concurrent increase in coastal productivity over this time. In contrast, chinstrap penguins exhibited no change in trophic position, despite variation in krill availability over the past century. The specialized foraging niche of chinstrap penguins likely renders them more sensitive to changes in krill availability, relative to gentoo penguins, as evinced by their declining population trends in the Antarctic Peninsula over the past 40 y. Over the next century, similarly divergent trophic and population responses are likely to occur among Antarctic krill predators if climate change and other anthropogenic impacts continue to favor generalist over specialist species. © 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Antarctica; Ecogeochemistry; Environmental change; Historical ecology; Krill surplus
语种	英语
scopus关键词	animal tissue; Article; climate change; environmental exploitation; fishery; foraging; history; interspecific competition; isotope analysis; krill; nonhuman; penguin; population abundance; predator prey interaction; priority journal; Pygoscelis antarctica; Pygoscelis papua; Southern Ocean; sympatry; trophic level; animal; Antarctica; chemistry; feather; feeding behavior; penguin; physiology; nitrogen; Animals; Antarctic Regions; Climate Change; Euphausiacea; Feathers; Feeding Behavior; Nitrogen Isotopes; Spheniscidae; Sympatry
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160327
作者单位	McMahon, K.W., Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, United States; Michelson, C.I., Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States; Hart, T., Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3SZ, United Kingdom; McCarthy, M.D., Ocean Sciences Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States; Patterson, W.P., Saskatchewan Isotope Laboratory, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2 SK, Canada; Polito, M.J., Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	McMahon K.W.,Michelson C.I.,Hart T.,et al. Divergent trophic responses of sympatric penguin species to historic anthropogenic exploitation and recent climate change[J],2019,116(51).
APA	McMahon K.W.,Michelson C.I.,Hart T.,McCarthy M.D.,Patterson W.P.,&Polito M.J..(2019).Divergent trophic responses of sympatric penguin species to historic anthropogenic exploitation and recent climate change.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,116(51).
MLA	McMahon K.W.,et al."Divergent trophic responses of sympatric penguin species to historic anthropogenic exploitation and recent climate change".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116.51(2019).