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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2012437117
	The earliest-known mammaliaform fossil from Greenland sheds light on origin of mammals
	Sulej T.; Krzesinski G.; Tałanda M.; Wolniewicz A.S.; Błażejowski B.; Bonde N.; Gutowski P.; Sienkiewicz M.; Niedzwiedzki G.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	26861
结束页码	26867
卷号	117 期号:43
英文摘要	Synapsids are unique in having developed multirooted teeth and complex occlusions. These innovations evolved in at least two lineages of mammaliamorphs (Tritylodontidae and Mammaliaformes). Triassic fossils demonstrate that close to the origins of mammals, mammaliaform precursors were “experimenting” with tooth structure and function, resulting in novel patterns of occlusion. One of the most surprising examples of such adaptations is present in the haramiyidan clade, which differed from contemporary mammaliaforms in having two rows of cusps on molariform crowns adapted to omnivorous/herbivorous feeding. However, the origin of the multicusped tooth pattern present in haramiyidans has remained enigmatic. Here we describe the earliest-known mandibular fossil of a mammaliaform with double molariform roots and a crown with two rows of cusps from the Late Triassic of Greenland. The crown morphology is intermediate between that of morganucodontans and haramiyidans and suggests the derivation of the multicusped molariforms of haramiyidans from the triconodont molar pattern seen in morganucodontids. Although it is remarkably well documented in the fossil record, the significance of tooth root division in mammaliaforms remains enigmatic. The results of our biomechanical analyses (finite element analysis [FEA]) indicate that teeth with two roots can better withstand stronger mechanical stresses like those resulting from tooth occlusion, than teeth with a single root. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Complex occlusion; Greenland; Late Triassic; Mammaliaform; Multirooted tooth
语种	英语
scopus关键词	article; cladistics; feeding; finite element analysis; fossil; Greenland; mammal; mandible; mechanical stress; nonhuman; tooth occlusion; tooth root; Upper Triassic
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160203
作者单位	Sulej, T., Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 00-818, Poland; Krzesinski, G., Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering, Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, 00-665, Poland; Tałanda, M., Department of Paleobiology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 02-089, Poland; Wolniewicz, A.S., Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 00-818, Poland, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3AN, United Kingdom; Błażejowski, B., Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, 00-818, Poland; Bonde, N., Geological Section, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark, Fur Museum, Fur, 7884, Denmark; Gutowski, P., Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Surgery and Implantology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, 02-091, Poland; Sienkiewicz, M., Faculty ...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Sulej T.,Krzesinski G.,Tałanda M.,et al. The earliest-known mammaliaform fossil from Greenland sheds light on origin of mammals[J],2020,117(43).
APA	Sulej T..,Krzesinski G..,Tałanda M..,Wolniewicz A.S..,Błażejowski B..,...&Niedzwiedzki G..(2020).The earliest-known mammaliaform fossil from Greenland sheds light on origin of mammals.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(43).
MLA	Sulej T.,et al."The earliest-known mammaliaform fossil from Greenland sheds light on origin of mammals".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.43(2020).