气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Liquid-liquid phase separation promotes animal desiccation tolerance

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.2014463117
	Liquid-liquid phase separation promotes animal desiccation tolerance
	Belott C.; Janis B.; Menze M.A.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	27676
结束页码	27684
卷号	117 期号:44
英文摘要	Proteinaceous liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) occurs when a polypeptide coalesces into a dense phase to form a liquid droplet (i.e., condensate) in aqueous solution. In vivo, functional protein-based condensates are often referred to as membraneless organelles (MLOs), which have roles in cellular processes ranging from stress responses to regulation of gene expression. Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins containing seed maturation protein domains (SMP; PF04927) have been linked to storage tolerance of orthodox seeds. The mechanism by which anhydrobiotic longevity is improved is unknown. Interestingly, the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana is the only animal known to express such a protein (AfrLEA6) in its anhydrobiotic embryos. Ectopic expression of AfrLEA6 (AWM11684) in insect cells improves their desiccation tolerance and a fraction of the protein is sequestered into MLOs, while aqueous AfrLEA6 raises the viscosity of the cytoplasm. LLPS of AfrLEA6 is driven by the SMP domain, while the size of formed MLOs is regulated by a domain predicted to engage in protein binding. AfrLEA6 condensates formed in vitro selectively incorporate target proteins based on their surface charge, while cytoplasmic MLOs formed in AfrLEA6-transfected insect cells behave like stress granules. We suggest that AfrLEA6 promotes desiccation tolerance by engaging in two distinct molecular mechanisms: by raising cytoplasmic viscosity at even modest levels of water loss to promote cell integrity during drying and by forming condensates that may act as protective compartments for desiccation-sensitive proteins. Identifying and understanding the molecular mechanisms that govern anhydrobiosis will lead to significant advancements in preserving biological samples. © 2020 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.
英文关键词	Cryptobiosis; Late embryogenesis abundant; Liquid-liquid phase separation; Membraneless organelle; Water stress
语种	英语
scopus关键词	anhydrobiosis; aqueous solution; Artemia franciscana; article; cell organelle; desiccation; drought; ectopic expression; embryo; embryo development; human cell; in vivo study; insect cell; longevity; nonhuman; phase separation; plant seed; protein binding; protein domain; protein processing; surface charge; viscosity; water loss; water stress
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160202
作者单位	Belott, C., Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States; Janis, B., Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States; Menze, M.A., Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Belott C.,Janis B.,Menze M.A.. Liquid-liquid phase separation promotes animal desiccation tolerance[J],2020,117(44).
APA	Belott C.,Janis B.,&Menze M.A..(2020).Liquid-liquid phase separation promotes animal desiccation tolerance.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,117(44).
MLA	Belott C.,et al."Liquid-liquid phase separation promotes animal desiccation tolerance".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117.44(2020).