气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Preferential flow systems amended with biogeochemical components: Imaging of a two-dimensional study

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DOI	10.5194/hess-22-2487-2018
	Preferential flow systems amended with biogeochemical components: Imaging of a two-dimensional study
	Pales A.R.; Li B.; Clifford H.M.; Kupis S.; Edayilam N.; Montgomery D.; Liang W.-Z.; Dogan M.; Tharayil N.; Martinez N.; Moysey S.; Powell B.; Darnault C.J.G.
发表日期	2018
ISSN	1027-5606
起始页码	2487
结束页码	2509
卷号	22 期号:4
英文摘要	The vadose zone is a highly interactive heterogeneous system through which water enters the subsurface system by infiltration. This paper details the effects of simulated plant exudate and soil component solutions upon unstable flow patterns in a porous medium (ASTM silica sand; US Silica, Ottawa, IL, USA) through the use of two-dimensional tank light transmission method (LTM). The contact angle (θ/ and surface tension ( γ of two simulated plant exudate solutions (i.e., oxalate and citrate) and two soil component solutions (i.e., tannic acid and Suwannee River natural organic matter, SRNOM) were analyzed to determine the liquid- gas and liquid-solid interface characteristics of each. To determine if the unstable flow formations were dependent on the type and concentration of the simulated plant exudates and soil components, the analysis of the effects of the simulated plant exudate and soil component solutions were compared to a control solution (Hoagland nutrient solution with 0.01 M NaCl). Fingering flow patterns, vertical and horizontal water saturation profiles, water saturation at the fingertips, finger dimensions and velocity, and number of fingers were obtained using the light transmission method. Significant differences in the interface properties indicated a decrease between the control and the plant exudate and soil component solutions tested; specifically, the control (θ64.5=and 75.75mNm-1) samples exhibited a higher contact angle and surface tension than the low concentration of citrate (θ =52.6θ and =70.8mNm-1). Wetting front instability and fingering flow phenomena were reported in all infiltration experiments. The results showed that the plant exudates and soil components influenced the soil infiltration as differences in finger geometries, velocities, and water saturation profiles were detected when compared to the control. Among the tested solutions and concentrations of soil components, the largest finger width (10.19 cm) was generated by the lowest tannic acid solution concentration (0.1 mg L-1), and the lowest finger width (6.00 cm) was induced by the highest SRNOM concentration (10 mg L-1). Similarly, for the plant exudate solutions, the largest finger width (8.36 cm) was generated by the lowest oxalate solution concentration (0.1 mg L-1), and the lowest finger width (6.63 cm) was induced by the lowest citrate concentration (0.1 mg L-1). The control solution produced fingers with average width of 8.30 cm. Additionally, the wettability of the medium for the citrate, oxalate, and SRNOM solutions increased with an increase in concentration. Our research demonstrates that the plant exudates and soil components which are biochemical compounds produced and released in soil are capable of influencing the process of infiltration in soils. The results of this research also indicate that soil wettability, expressed as .cos θ/1=2, should be included in the scaling of the finger dimension, i.e., finger width, when using the Miller and Miller (1956) scaling theory for the scaling of flow in porous media. © Author(s) 2018.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Biogeochemistry; Biological materials; Contact angle; Flavonoids; Flow patterns; Groundwater flow; Light transmission; Liquefied gases; Oxalic acid; Phase interfaces; Porous materials; Silica; Silica sand; Sodium chloride; Soils; Surface tension; Tannins; Wetting; Bio-chemical compounds; Flow in porous media; Heterogeneous systems; Liquid-solid interfaces; Natural organic matters; Preferential flows; Solution concentration; Transmission methods; Infiltration; biogeochemical cycle; concentration (composition); fingering; infiltration; interface; oxalate; porous medium; preferential flow; surface tension; two-dimensional modeling; vadose zone; Dudleya edulis
来源期刊	Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/160046
作者单位	Pales, A.R., Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Laboratory of Hydrogeoscience and Biological Engineering, Clemson University, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, SC 29625, United States; Li, B., Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Laboratory of Hydrogeoscience and Biological Engineering, Clemson University, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, SC 29625, United States; Clifford, H.M., Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Laboratory of Hydrogeoscience and Biological Engineering, Clemson University, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, SC 29625, United States, Climate Change Institute, University of Maine, Edward Bryand Global Sciences Center, Orono, ME 04473, United States; Kupis, S., Department of Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, Laboratory of Hydrogeoscience and Biological Engineering, Clemson University, 342 Computer Court, Anderson, SC 29625, United States; Edayilam, N., Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson Universi...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Pales A.R.,Li B.,Clifford H.M.,et al. Preferential flow systems amended with biogeochemical components: Imaging of a two-dimensional study[J],2018,22(4).
APA	Pales A.R..,Li B..,Clifford H.M..,Kupis S..,Edayilam N..,...&Darnault C.J.G..(2018).Preferential flow systems amended with biogeochemical components: Imaging of a two-dimensional study.Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,22(4).
MLA	Pales A.R.,et al."Preferential flow systems amended with biogeochemical components: Imaging of a two-dimensional study".Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 22.4(2018).