气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Quantifying thermal refugia connectivity by combining temperature modeling; distributed temperature sensing; and thermal infrared imaging

CCPortal

DOI	10.5194/hess-23-2965-2019
	Quantifying thermal refugia connectivity by combining temperature modeling; distributed temperature sensing; and thermal infrared imaging
	Dzara J.R.; Neilson B.T.; Null S.E.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	1027-5606
起始页码	2965
结束页码	2982
卷号	23 期号:7
英文摘要	Watershed-scale stream temperature models are often one-dimensional because they require fewer data and are more computationally efficient than two- or threedimensional models. However, one-dimensional models assume completely mixed reaches and ignore small-scale spatial temperature variability, which may create temperature barriers or refugia for cold-water aquatic species. Fine spatial- and temporal-resolution stream temperature monitoring provides information to identify river features with increased thermal variability. We used distributed temperature sensing (DTS) to observe small-scale stream temperature variability, measured as a temperature range through space and time, within two 400m reaches in summer 2015 in Nevada's East Walker and main stem Walker rivers. Thermal infrared (TIR) aerial imagery collected in summer 2012 quantified the spatial temperature variability throughout the Walker Basin. We coupled both types of high-resolution measured data with simulated stream temperatures to corroborate model results and estimate the spatial distribution of thermal refugia for Lahontan cutthroat trout and other coldwater species. Temperature model estimates were within the DTS-measured temperature ranges 21% and 70% of the time for the East Walker River and main stem Walker River, respectively, and within TIR-measured temperatures 17 %, 5 %, and 5% of the time for the East Walker, West Walker, and main stem Walker rivers, respectively. DTS, TIR, and modeled stream temperatures in the main stem Walker River nearly always exceeded the 21 °C optimal temperature threshold for adult trout, usually exceeded the 24 °C stress threshold, and could exceed the 28 °C lethal threshold for Lahontan cutthroat trout. Measured stream temperature ranges bracketed ambient river temperatures by 10:1 to C2:3 °C in agricultural return flows, 1:2 to C4 °C at diversions, 5:1 to C2 °C in beaver dams, and 4:2 to 0 °C at seeps. To better understand the role of these river features on thermal refugia during warm time periods, the respective temperature ranges were added to simulated stream temperatures at each of the identified river features. Based on this analysis, the average distance between thermal refugia in this system was 2.8 km. While simulated stream temperatures are often too warm to support Lahontan cutthroat trout and other cold-water species, thermal refugia may exist to improve habitat connectivity and facilitate trout movement between spawning and summer habitats. Overall, highresolution DTS and TIR measurements quantify temperature ranges of refugia and augment process-based modeling. © Author(s) 2019.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Aerial photography; Antennas; Ecosystems; Infrared radiation; Temperature sensors; Thermography (imaging); Computationally efficient; Distributed temperature sensing; Process-based modeling; Spatial and temporal resolutions; Stream temperature models; Temperature variability; Thermal infrared imaging; Three-dimensional model; Rivers; connectivity; infrared imagery; movement; numerical model; one-dimensional modeling; quantitative analysis; salmonid; spawning; water temperature; watershed; Nevada; United States; Walker River; Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi; Salmonidae
来源期刊	Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/159648
作者单位	Dzara, J.R., Department of Čivilg andĝ Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, 8200 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84321-8200, United States; Neilson, B.T., Department of Čivilg andĝ Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, 8200 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84321-8200, United States; Null, S.E., Department of Watershed Sciences, Utah State University, 5210 Old Main Hill, NR 210, Logan, UT 84321-5210, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Dzara J.R.,Neilson B.T.,Null S.E.. Quantifying thermal refugia connectivity by combining temperature modeling; distributed temperature sensing; and thermal infrared imaging[J],2019,23(7).
APA	Dzara J.R.,Neilson B.T.,&Null S.E..(2019).Quantifying thermal refugia connectivity by combining temperature modeling; distributed temperature sensing; and thermal infrared imaging.Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,23(7).
MLA	Dzara J.R.,et al."Quantifying thermal refugia connectivity by combining temperature modeling; distributed temperature sensing; and thermal infrared imaging".Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23.7(2019).