气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Partitioning snowmelt and rainfall in the critical zone: Effects of climate type and soil properties

CCPortal

DOI	10.5194/hess-23-3553-2019
	Partitioning snowmelt and rainfall in the critical zone: Effects of climate type and soil properties
	Hammond J.C.; Harpold A.A.; Weiss S.; Kampf S.K.
发表日期	2019
ISSN	1027-5606
起始页码	3553
结束页码	3570
卷号	23 期号:9
英文摘要	Streamflow generation and deep groundwater recharge may be vulnerable to loss of snow, making it important to quantify how snowmelt is partitioned between soil storage, deep drainage, evapotranspiration, and runoff. Based on previous findings, we hypothesize that snowmelt produces greater streamflow and deep drainage than rainfall and that this effect is greatest in dry climates. To test this hypothesis we examine how snowmelt and rainfall partitioning vary with climate and soil properties using a physically based variably saturated subsurface flow model, HYDRUS-1D. We developed model experiments using observed climate from mountain regions and artificial climate inputs that convert all precipitation to rain, and then evaluated how climate variability affects partitioning in soils with different hydraulic properties and depths. Results indicate that event-scale runoff is higher for snowmelt than for rainfall due to higher antecedent moisture and input rates in both wet and dry climates. Annual runoff also increases with snowmelt fraction, whereas deep drainage is not correlated with snowmelt fraction. Deep drainage is less affected by changes from snowmelt to rainfall because it is controlled by deep soil moisture changes over longer timescales. Soil texture modifies daily wetting and drying patterns but has limited effect on annual water budget partitioning, whereas increases in soil depth lead to lower runoff and greater deep drainage. Overall these results indicate that runoff may be substantially reduced with seasonal snowpack decline in all climates, whereas the effects of snowpack decline on deep drainage are less consistent. These mechanisms help explain recent observations of streamflow sensitivity to changing snowpack and highlight the importance of developing strategies to plan for changes in water budgets in areas most at risk for shifts from snow to rain. © Author(s) 2019.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Budget control; Climatology; Groundwater; Rain; Runoff; Snow making; Snow melting systems; Soil moisture; Soil testing; Stream flow; Textures; Antecedent moisture; Climate variability; Deep soil moisture; Developing strategy; Hydraulic properties; Rainfall partitioning; Streamflow generations; Streamflow sensitivities; Climate models
来源期刊	Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/159619
作者单位	Hammond, J.C., Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States, US Geological Survey MD-DE-DC Water Science Center, Baltimore, MD 21228, United States; Harpold, A.A., Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, United States; Weiss, S., College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, United States; Kampf, S.K., Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Hammond J.C.,Harpold A.A.,Weiss S.,et al. Partitioning snowmelt and rainfall in the critical zone: Effects of climate type and soil properties[J],2019,23(9).
APA	Hammond J.C.,Harpold A.A.,Weiss S.,&Kampf S.K..(2019).Partitioning snowmelt and rainfall in the critical zone: Effects of climate type and soil properties.Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,23(9).
MLA	Hammond J.C.,et al."Partitioning snowmelt and rainfall in the critical zone: Effects of climate type and soil properties".Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23.9(2019).