气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): A Water-Energy-Food Nexus approach for conducting trade-off analysis: Morocco's phosphate industry in the Khouribga region

CCPortal

DOI	10.5194/hess-24-4727-2020
	A Water-Energy-Food Nexus approach for conducting trade-off analysis: Morocco's phosphate industry in the Khouribga region
	Lee S.-H.; Assi A.T.; Daher B.; Mengoub F.E.; Mohtar R.H.
发表日期	2020
ISSN	1027-5606
起始页码	4727
结束页码	4741
卷号	24 期号:10
英文摘要	The study objective was to develop and use the Water-Energy-Food Nexus Phosphate (WEF-P) Tool to evaluate the impact of Morocco's phosphate industry on water, energy, and food sectors of Khouribga, which is the representative phosphate mining region of Morocco. The developed WEF-P Tool enabled a trade-off analysis based on integrating supply-chain processes, transportation, and water- energy footprints of the region. Field data from the mining to transportation processes were collected and applied to possible supply-chain scenarios in accordance with the type of product (phosphate rock and slurry). The potential impacts of the scenarios were considered in terms of the water supply in the agricultural areas. The analysis of the positive impacts of dynamic management suggests that seasonal management of phosphate production (less during the irrigated season, more during wetter or rainier seasons) is more effective. Additionally, while the transport of raw phosphate slurry through a pipeline increased the total water required to 34:6-106 m3, which is an increase of 76% over the "business as usual" (BAU) scenario, it also resulted in an energy savings of nearly 80% over BAU: slurry transport requires only 40:5-106 L of fossil fuel instead of the 204-106 L required to transport rocks. During the dry or "water-scarce" irrigation season (May to July), total groundwater use decreased from 5:8-106 to 5:2-106 m3. Dynamic management of the phosphate industry can also save 143MWh (megawatt-hour) of electricity annually and can bring a reduction of 117 t of CO2 emissions. Making water available at the correct season and location requires analysis of complex scientific, technical, socioeconomic, regulatory, and political issues. The WEF-P Tool can assist by assessing user-created scenarios; thus, it is an effective management-decision aid for ensuring more sustainable use of limited resources and increased reliability of water resources for both agricultural and industrial use. This study on the applications of WEF Nexus to the phosphate industry offers a roadmap for other industrial application for which trade-offs between the primary resources must be considered. © 2020 Copernicus GmbH. All rights reserved.
语种	英语
scopus关键词	Agricultural robots; Agriculture; Decision making; Decision support systems; Economic and social effects; Energy conservation; Fossil fuels; Groundwater; Supply chains; Water resources; Water supply; Agricultural areas; Dynamic management; Effective management; Phosphate industries; Phosphate production; Supply chain process; Trade-off analysis; Transportation process; Industrial management; carbon emission; fossil fuel; phosphate; seasonal variation; trade-off; water resource; water supply; Morocco
来源期刊	Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/159295
作者单位	Lee, S.-H., Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan; Assi, A.T., Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas AandM University, College Station, TX 77843-2117, United States; Daher, B., Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas AandM University, College Station, TX 77843-2117, United States, Texas AandM Energy Institute, Texas AandM University, College Station, TX 77843, United States, Institute for Science Technology and Public Policy, Bush School of Government and Public Service, Texas AandM University, College Station, TX 77845, United States; Mengoub, F.E., Policy Center for the New South, Suncity Complex, Angle of Addolb Boulevard and Albortokal Street, Rabat, Morocco, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 6620, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir, 43150, Morocco; Mohtar, R.H., Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Texas AandM University, College Station, TX 77843-2117, United States, Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental En...
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Lee S.-H.,Assi A.T.,Daher B.,et al. A Water-Energy-Food Nexus approach for conducting trade-off analysis: Morocco's phosphate industry in the Khouribga region[J],2020,24(10).
APA	Lee S.-H.,Assi A.T.,Daher B.,Mengoub F.E.,&Mohtar R.H..(2020).A Water-Energy-Food Nexus approach for conducting trade-off analysis: Morocco's phosphate industry in the Khouribga region.Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,24(10).
MLA	Lee S.-H.,et al."A Water-Energy-Food Nexus approach for conducting trade-off analysis: Morocco's phosphate industry in the Khouribga region".Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24.10(2020).