气候变化领域集成服务门户(CCPortal): Fossil genes and microbes in the oldest ice on Earth

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DOI	10.1073/pnas.0702196104
	Fossil genes and microbes in the oldest ice on Earth
	Bidle K.D.; Lee S.; Marchant D.R.; Falkowski P.G.
发表日期	2007
ISSN	0027-8424
起始页码	13455
结束页码	13460
卷号	104 期号:33
英文摘要	Although the vast majority of ice that formed on the Antarctic continent over the past 34 million years has been lost to the oceans, pockets of ancient ice persist in the Dry Valleys of the Transantarctic Mountains. Here we report on the potential metabolic activity of microbes and the state of community DNA in ice derived from Mullins and upper Beacon Valleys. The minimum age of the former is 100 ka, whereas that of the latter is ≈8 Ma, making it the oldest known ice on Earth. In both samples, radiolabeled substrates were incorporated into macromolecules, and microbes grew in nutrient-enriched melt-waters, but metabolic activity and cell viability were critically compromised with age. Although a 16S rDNA-based community reconstruction suggested relatively low bacterial sequence diversity in both ice samples, metagenomic analyses of community DNA revealed many diverse orthologs to extant metabolic genes. Analyses of five ice samples, spanning the last 8 million years in this region, demonstrated an exponential decline in the average community DNA size with a half-life of ≈1.1 million years, thereby constraining the geological preservation of microbes in icy environments and the possible exchange of genetic material to the oceans. © 2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA.
英文关键词	Ancient ice; Community DNA; Cosmic radiation; Metabolism; Metagenomic analysis
语种	英语
scopus关键词	DNA; ribosome DNA; Antarctica; article; cell viability; cosmic radiation; fossil; genetic variability; genomics; macromolecule; metabolism; microorganism; nonhuman; nucleotide sequence; priority journal; sea; unindexed sequence; Base Sequence; DNA Primers; DNA, Ribosomal; Fossils; Genes; Ice; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Bacteria (microorganisms)
来源期刊	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://gcip.llas.ac.cn/handle/2XKMVOVA/159179
作者单位	Bidle, K.D., Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Program, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States; Lee, S., Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Program, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States, Polar Research Institute, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Incheon 406-840, South Korea; Marchant, D.R., Department of Earth Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, United States; Falkowski, P.G., Environmental Biophysics and Molecular Ecology Program, Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States, Department of Geological Sciences, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, United States
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Bidle K.D.,Lee S.,Marchant D.R.,et al. Fossil genes and microbes in the oldest ice on Earth[J],2007,104(33).
APA	Bidle K.D.,Lee S.,Marchant D.R.,&Falkowski P.G..(2007).Fossil genes and microbes in the oldest ice on Earth.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,104(33).
MLA	Bidle K.D.,et al."Fossil genes and microbes in the oldest ice on Earth".Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 104.33(2007).